February 23, 2010

1. February 23, 2010 Agenda: Chapter 6 sec1 East Africa Today Notes Homework: “Peace Conference”

2. Tanzania and Kenya Today • The economies of both Tanzania and Kenya rely heavily on tourism and agriculture. • However both countries are among the poorest in the world.

3. Tourism • With more than 2 million tourist visiting each year, tourism is major source of income for both Kenya and Tanzania. • Many people visit these countries to go on a safari. • Safari is an overland journey to view African wildlife.

4. Tanzania’s Serengeti • The Serengeti Plain is home to one of the world’s greatest concentration of wildlife. • In Tanzania part of the plain is a national park. • About 100,000 tourist visit the Serengeti each year to view its diverse wildlife.

5. Tanzania’s Resources • Tanzania is particularly rich in gold and diamonds. • Main income for most people is subsistence farming. • Poor soils and limited technology have restricted productivity.

6. Kenya’s Resources • Much of the land has been set aside as national parkland. • Many people would like to farm these lands, but farming would endanger African wildlife. • Kenya’s economy relies mostly on agriculture. • Mount Kilimanjaro’s southern slopes are a rich agricultural region. • Coffee and tea

7. Mount Kilimanjaro • Mount Kilimanjaro lies on the border of Tanzania and Kenya just south of the Equator. • Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. • Around 25,000 people per year attempt to summit the top of Africa. • Dormant Volcano • Kilimanjaro contains just about every ecosystem on earth: glaciers, snowfields, desert, tropical jungle, and savannah.

8. Kenya’s Resources continued • Kenya’s economy also benefits from Geothermal Energy. • Geothermal Energy is energy produced from the heat of the Earth’s interior. • This heat – in the form of extremely hot steam comes up to the surface through cracks in the rift valley.

9. Tanzania Dar es Salaam a port city located on the Indian Ocean 2.3 million people Capital is Dodoma Dar es Salaam has experienced terrorist attacks U.S. Embassy bombed by al Qaeda in 1998. Kenya Nairobi is the capital and also serves as the country’s industrial center. Nairobi is well connected with the rest of East Africa by network of railways. Nairobi has experienced terrorist attacks. U.S. Embassy bombed by al Qaeda in 1998. Cities

10. U.S Embassies • To the left Kenya and below Tanzania.

11. In your notebook • Imagine you are going to move to a new country and live there for the next three years. You will either live in Kenya or Tanzania, but you need to make the choice on which one you prefer. You will need to base your decision on the information you just learned. Please write down the country you are choosing to live in and explain why you want to live there. • You have 2 minutes to come up with an answer. • Be prepared to read your response.

12. Open your books to page 140. Take a look at the population density in East Africa. Summarize the information shown in the map and table in two sentences or less. Where is the greatest concentration of people?

13. Rwanda and Burundi Today • Mostly populated by two different ethnic groups – the Tutsi and the Hutu. • These two groups have experienced much conflict. • The colonial borders of Rwanda and Burundi drawn by Europeans often lumped different ethnic groups into one country.

14. Definition • In your own words define the word “Genocide.” • If you don’t know what this word means make an educational guess.

15. Genocide • In 1990s, hatred between the Hutu and the Tutsi led to genocide. • A genocide is the intentional destruction of a people. • The Hutu tried to completely wipe out the Tutsi. • Genocide in Rwanda - 1994 - 800,000 Deaths • Beginning on April 6, 1994, and for the next hundred days, up to 800,000 Tutsis were killed by Hutu militia using clubs and machetes, with as many as 10,000 killed each day. • ABC News

16. Rwanda and Burundi • Rwanda and Burundi are two the most densely populated countries in all of Africa. • Located in Fertile highlands and share a history as Germany colonies. • Both countries lack resources and rely on coffee and tea exports for economic earnings.

17. Help!!!! • If you were to hold a peace conference with 3 people from the Tutsi ethnic group and 3 people from the Hutu ethnic group what would be the first thing you would have them talk about? • Please write your response in your notes and be prepared to read your answers.

18. Sudan Today • Sudan is Africa’s largest country. • Few mineral resources exist in Sudan. • Arab Muslims make up about 40 percent of Sudan’s population and have political power.

19. Sudan Religious and Ethnic Conflict • Muslims and Christians fought a civil war for many years. • Recently, a genocide occurred in a region of Sudan called Darfur. • Tens of thousands of black Sudanese were killed by an Arab militia group. • Millions more have fled Darfur and are scattered throughout the region as refugees.

20. Darfur • ABC News

21. Uganda • Uganda is in the process of recovering from several decades of a military dictatorship. • Since 1986 Uganda has become more democratic, but economic progress has been slow. • 80% of Uganda’s workforce is employed in agriculture. • Coffee major export

22. Ethiopia • Ethiopia has never been under foreign rule. • The country’s mountains have protected the country from invasion. • In addition to providing a natural defense barrier, Ethiopia’s rugged mountain slopes and highlands have rich volcanic soil. • Agriculture is Ethiopia’s chief economic activity.

23. Ethiopia • Experienced droughts. • In the 1980s droughts caused the loss of crops and millions of Ethiopians starved. • In contrast, Ethiopia has experienced plenty of rainfall in recent years. • Most Ethiopians living in the highlands are Christians while those living in the lowlands are Muslim.

24. Somalia • Deserts and dry savannahs • Most land not suitable for farming. • Nomadic herders and livestock main export. • Most Somalis are Muslim. • No central government. • Different clans have fought over grazing rights and control over port cities such as Mogadishu. • In the 1990s Somalis experienced widespread starvation caused by civil war and a severe drought. • UN and U.S. sent aid and support to Somalia.

25. ABC News