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DEVIANCE IN SPORT

DEVIANCE IN SPORT. What is meant by i ) fair play ii) sportsmanship iii) gamesmanship. Fair play – playing within the rules, incorporating the concept of friendship, respect for others and always playing in the right spirit.

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DEVIANCE IN SPORT

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  1. DEVIANCE IN SPORT

  2. What is meant by i) fair play ii) sportsmanship iii) gamesmanship

  3. Fair play – playing within the rules, incorporating the concept of friendship, respect for others and always playing in the right spirit. • Sportsmanship – qualities displayed by an athlete or team that are highly regarded e.g. fairness, generosity, observance of the rules, good humour on losing. • Gamesmanship – winning games by clever or cunning means without actually cheating. Involves bending the rules without breaking them

  4. When we play any game we enter into an unwritten mutual agreement with our opposition • To keep the rules • To play as well as we can • To allow others to demonstrate their skill and effort • To understand the need for codes of fair play / sportsmanship etc

  5. DEVIANCE – athletes are encouraged to behave in ways that would not be allowed in other areas of life • NEGATIVE DEVIANCE – cheating, deliberately hurting opposition, rejection of rules • POSITIVE DEVIANCE – going too far in conforming to the rules e.g. Obsessive training, drug taking, playing when injured. The former should be easier to control due to the presence of officials whilst the latter is harder to control.

  6. What pressures are there on athletes to behave this way? • Media • Commercialism • Winning • Coaches • Fans

  7. Agression • This is behaviour that intends physical or psychological harm, intimidation both verbally or physically. • It is different from playing assertively or roughly in a competitive game. • Some sports are naturally aggressive due to physical contact but sometimes this escalates. In other sports of a non contact nature aggression can occur. • Reasons for aggression include frustration, violence equalling success, and typical male behaviour to prove masculinity.

  8. Drugs in sport • The ancient Greeks and Romans took substances to improve performance • In modern sport it is regular and systemised. It operates in both amateur and professional circles and there is no gender bias. • Drugs allow athletes to control their bodies • There are over 80 individual drugs classified under stimulants narcotic analgesics Anabolic steroids chemically / pharmacologically related drugs

  9. WDA – World Anti Drugs Agency is an international agency brings together governments, IOCs and ISFs. It was set up in 1998 when they saw doping as a global problem and couldn’t be left to individual governing bodies. • Concerns were that athletes spend too much time away from their home country training and a court case could bankrupt a sport

  10. WDA’s Mission – to promote and coordinate at an international level the fight against doping in sport in all forms. • Future developments – there are concerns over Clear drugs – ieundetactable as taken by Marion Jones Genetic engineering

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