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The Medieval Period / The Middle Ages

The Medieval Period / The Middle Ages. 1066 - 1485. Medieval Outline (1066-1485). I. Invasion and Conquest II. Results of the Norman Conquest A. Social-Political Organizations B. Feudalism C. Castle Building D. Establishment of Law and Order 1. Domesday Book

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The Medieval Period / The Middle Ages

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  1. The Medieval Period / The Middle Ages 1066 - 1485

  2. Medieval Outline(1066-1485) I. Invasion and Conquest II. Results of the Norman Conquest A. Social-Political Organizations B. Feudalism C. Castle Building D. Establishment of Law and Order 1. Domesday Book 2. Primogeniture 3. Women’s Status 4. Magna Carta E. Language III. Major Events and Institutions A. The Church B. The Crusades C. The Black Death IV. Literature V. The End!

  3. Invasion and Conquest • Edward the Confessor’s death…who will be king? • Harold II? • William of Normandy? • Battle of Hastings, 14 October 1066

  4. Feudalism

  5. Feudalism Complicated system of land control that is held and managed by the lord to provide for the king’s needs. Fief (feef) The land that the Lord manages for the king. Fiefdom The practice of protecting the land.

  6. Castles • Family living • Defense • Base from which the lord controlled the land

  7. St. Mawes Castle Castle Building • 10 ft. of height / yr. • Cold, damp • Tapestries

  8. Herstmonceux Castle

  9. Edward’s Castle at Beaumaris

  10. Law and Order The Domesday Book • King William • “dom”= judgment • Enables taxation

  11. Primogeniture: Playing favorites • First Born: Inherits title and estate • Second Born: Clergy • Third Born: Knight

  12. Women • Status in Society • Lost status • Became property of fathers and husbands • Education • Marriage • Chivalry and Courtly Love • Power • Eleanor of Aquitaine • Powerful • Independent • Queen of France • Fearless

  13. The Magna Carta Latin meaning “Grand/Great Charter” A treaty among all of the lords.

  14. King John Signs at Runnymede1215

  15. Languages • After the Norman Conquest, French became the dominant language in the courts and in commerce! • DIGLOSSIA: language situation where two different languages are being used for two different purposes • Language develops over time, is a mixture of influences, and is always evolving.

  16. The Church • The greatest factor for unifying medieval life was the shared Catholic religion. • Linked Norman present to the Anglo-Saxon past. • Connected England with the European continent. • Offered lodging for travelers and homes for widows and orphans.

  17. Canterbury Cathedral

  18. 1328 Europe

  19. Illuminated Manuscripts Most people didn’t own one. Status symbol. Hand copied by monks. Might take years to copy Dyes were costly. Used vellum from animal skins.

  20. The Crusades • Military Campaigns to free the Holy Land from the Moslems. • Lost the war, but benefited from contact with the Arab world: mathematics, medicine, and a more refined lifestyle.

  21. The Black Death 1346-1349 • 1/3 of population died • Bubonic Plague • Caused breakdown of feudal system • Created new social classes

  22. Spread of the Black Death

  23. Literature • Romance – Preferred by the nobility; tales of Courtly Love instill a sense of chivalry • Ballads – Oral tradition preferred by lower classes • Miracle / morality plays – Performed in local cathedrals and were enjoyed by the masses

  24. Geoffrey Chaucer – Father of English Poetry Soldier, Diplomat, Political Appointee, Master Storyteller Father of English Poetry Vernacular Frame Story

  25. Canterbury Tales A group of pilgrims on their journey to the shrine of Thomas a Becket…

  26. An original manuscript ofThe Canterbury Tales

  27. William CaxtonThe Printing Press!

  28. William Caxton’s signature

  29. The End!

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