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EDUCATION System in Pakistan

EDUCATION System in Pakistan. 1. Constitution of Pakistan. 2. Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b. “ The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period”. Concurrent Legislative List:

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EDUCATION System in Pakistan

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  1. EDUCATION System in Pakistan 1

  2. Constitution of Pakistan 2

  3. Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b “The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period” Concurrent Legislative List: Curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy, centres of excellence, standard of education & Islamic education 3

  4. Millennium Development Goals (2001) 1. Ensuring that by 2015 all children, particularly girls, children in difficult circumstances and those belonging to ethnic minorities, have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality 2. Eliminating gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005, and achieving gender equality in education by 2015, with a focus on ensuring girls’ full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality 4

  5. EDUCATION SCENARIO 5

  6. 67% 28% 67% 48% 58% 22% 67% 42% Literacy Rates 47% Pakistan: 55% Male: 67% Female: 42% 58% Literacy Definition (As in 1998 Census) 42% “The ability of a person who can read a newspaper and write a simple letter in any language” 55% 6 Sources: Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2006-07

  7. Educational Institutions by Level 7 Source: National Education Census 2006, GoP

  8. Institutions by Medium of Instruction 8 Source: National Education Census 2006, GoP

  9. 81,633 (50%) 57,216 (35%) 53,481 (33%) 46,766 (29%) 9,776 (6%) No Boundary Wall No Drinking Water No Electricity No Toilet No Building Total schools upto Middle level 160,798 PAKISTAN Missing Facilities 9 Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

  10. EDUCATION BUDGET AS % AGE OF GDP (2005-06): SOUTH ASIA Source: EFA Global Monitoring Report 2008 10

  11. Education Policy 11

  12. Challenges • Weakened Governance • Fragmentation • Lack of Clarity in Inter-Tier Relationships • Poor Quality of Teachers & Managers • Quality of curriculum, textbooks & exams • Low level of literacy • Out of school children • Dropouts • Public Private Partnership • In-adequate financing • Gender Equity • Poor monitoring & evaluation • Imbalance in primary, middle & secondary schools • Inconvenient school location 12

  13. Public/ Govt Schools • There is a huge difference amongst public schools in cities, small towns and villages • Some of the public schools in big cities are well resourced . At the same time in smaller towns and village areas some schools might not have basic facilities like desks, books, blackboards, electricity, doors, windows, toilets, drinking water, playgrounds, 60 per cent have no boundary walls and 16 percent are without a building.

  14. Public/ Govt Schools • Some of the major problems public schools face include • limited financial resources • poor quality of content and a greater demand for education amongst parents of school-aged children. • overcrowded and/or underfunded. These issues have largely fuelled the revival of private schools in Pakistan.

  15. Private schools • There is a huge variety of private schools in Pakistan • Not all private schools are elite, some cater for middle class and some for the poorest of the population as well • Private schools have an advantage to add things to the curriculum ( things for students grooming that is not for assessment) • Even the best private/ public schools teach 80% theory and 20 %activity based learning

  16. In most schools teaching is for assessments so how much the child has learned is not what is the main concern Most schools promote rote learning Most schools teach obsolete concepts and methods of teaching that are not effective. There are only a handful of schools private and public where students are given good education

  17. Student to teacher ratio in average private schools 30:1, state schools 50:1

  18. Students from PK studying abroad

  19. According to UNESCO (2008) Over that period there was a significant growth of two thirds from around 12,000 in 1999 to 21,000 in 2005. These changes have been produced by a number of factors. • The domestic provision of places by Pakistani universities is well below the demand • There is also a shortage of applied master’s courses in the country. • An increasing proportion of the population is becoming more affluent, both within the country and among those living abroad, and they require access to overseas education for their children • There is pressure on students to obtain applied mater’s degree if they aim for employment in an increasingly competitive job market.(skill shortage summary here)

  20. Some pictures

  21. Campaign against use of plastic bags

  22. Thank you

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