CUIN 6371 Models of Teaching

1. CUIN 6371Models of Teaching Fall, 2003 Mnemonics and Memory

2. Information Processing • Inductive - Jerome Bruner/ Hilda Taba • Deductive - David Ausubel • Inquiry - J. J. Schwab/J. Richard Suchman Jean Piaget/ L. Kohlberg • Memory - R. Atkinson/J. Levin/J. Lucas • Creativity - W. J. J. Gordon

3. A Wonderfully Effective Model…with a limited set of outcomes… names, labels, directions, your significant other’s birthday, recalling steps and procedures, recalling and saying dialogue, song lyrics, “’I’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’,” John Dewey’s birthday, and even the height of Mt. Fuji….

4. A Wonderfully Effective Model… Effect Sizes at or above 1.00…. s.d.

5. Functions of Memory…. • Temporary Holding • Mediational Use • Lifetime

6. Stimulus The amount of information readily available to the learner drops at each successive level Includes both conscious and nonconscious stimuli – literally millions of bits per second Sensory Register Short-Term Memory Active Processing Long-Term Memory Usually 5-20 sec. Only a small amount Is stored here To retain it must be processed actively Explicit, processed Memories and implicit Learning -skills and conditioned responses

8. Memory….what do you recall?

9. Bed Quilt Dark Silence Fatigue Clock Snoring Night Toss Tired Night Artichoke Turn Night Rest Dress

10. Memory is Active, not Passive And it is forgiving….

11. Mnemosyne In Greek mythology, the goddess of memory. A Titaness, she was the daughter of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth), and, according to Hesiod, the mother (by Zeus) of the nine Muses.

12. Mnemonics Use Attending Linking Practicing

13. “The true art of memory is the art of attention.” Samuel Johnson

16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * 0 #

17. 1 ABC 2 DEF 3 GHI 4 JKL 5 MNO 6 PRS 7 TUV 8 WXY 9 * OPER 0 #

18. FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE- SULTS OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF MANY YEARS

19. FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE- SULTS OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF MANY YEARS

20. FIVE FILES OF FACTS WERE FOUND AFTER THE CHIEF OF POLICE LEFT

21. FIVE FILES OFFACTS WERE FOUND AFTER THE CHIEF OF POLICE LEFT

22. A bird in the the hand Two of of a kind Paris in in the spring

23. Who Studies This Stuff? …and Why? Richard Atkinson – Stanford Joel Levin, Michael Pressley, et al.- Wisconsin…. And many others Results are ambivalent…but a few things stand out

24. There is always a need for a link between ... To Sleep Parallel Word dormir Coding Link

25. Linus and Lucy Viewing a Herd of Cows Linus…Do they always bring the cows in from the pasture at night? Lucy..Of course, you blockhead. If they leave them out overnight they get PASTEURIZED!

26. Guess what, Biff. After I go to the Post Office I am going to the Vet and get TUTORED!

27. Learning Can Be Fun Jerry Lucas

28. “Learning is a process of recollection” Socrates The Meno

29. Association Learning… one thing associated with another A associated with B .

30. Substitute Word… I’ll Ask YOU! Alaska

31. After You Attend…Ways and Means of Ensuring Memory… P • Linking Boyle’s Law V P V V P

33. After You Attend…Ways and Means of Ensuring Memory… • Linking • Substitute Word

34. One --- Run Two---Zoo Three---Tree Four---Door Five---Hive Six---Sticks Seven---Heaven Eight---Gate Nine---Wine Ten---Den Eleven---Eleven (Football) Twelve---Shelve Thirteen---Hurting Fourteen---Courting Fifteen-Lifting Substitute Word Technique

35. After You Attend…Ways and Means of Ensuring Memory… • Linking • Substitute Word • Key Wordor Phrase

36. Key Word System Bondage to Ignorance Cave Escape Responsibility Wisdom

37. Key Phrases… EBDGF Roy G. Biv Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Mary Eats Peanut Butter In Persia Men Are Tall HOMES Lucy Can’t Drink Milk (50,100,500,1000) Every Bible Gets Dusty After Easter (Standard Guitar Tuning) King Henry Died Miserable Death, Caught Measles (Kilometer, hectometer, decameter, meter, decimeter, centimeter, millimeter)

38. Capitals Always San… Agua = water If at end - capital same name as country

39. PAMShould Be Here, Dear N W E S Western Australia South Australia Victoria in her castle in Wales Anticlockwise

40. A Variation on the Theme

43. First Chief Judge of Supreme Court of the United States John Jay

44. Key Questions About Using Mnemonics • How best to get learners to attend? • How often do you review? • Linking things together Who gives the links? Teacher or learners? • How is the new information linked to old? Use ridiculous associations?

45. Sesquipedalian

46. A Few Sesquipedalians Brumal Discommode Mendicity Muliebrity Omphalos Anchorite

47. Some Sesquipedalian Sentences • The revolving lithic conglomerate accumulates no congeries of a miniscule, verdant bryophytic plant • The temperature of the aqueous content of an unremittingly ogled saucepan does not reach 100 degrees C. • Where there are visible vapors having their prevalence in ignited carbonaceous materials, there is conflagration • Upon the non presence of the domestic Felis catus the Mus musculi proceed to engage in sportive capers. • A plethora of individuals with expertise in culinary techniques vitiate the potable concoction produced by steeping certain comestibles.

48. More Sesquipedalian Sentences • It is fruitless to attempt to indoctrinate a superannuated canine with innovative maneuvers. • Exigency is the matriarch of ingenious contrivance. • The person presenting the ultimate cachinnation possesses, thereby, the optimal cachinnation • Members of an avian species of identical plumage congregate. • You appear to be inebriated with the exuberance of your own verbosity.

49. Fears and Phobias acrophobia androphobia categelophobia ergasophobia erythrophobia gynephobia pnignophobia ptergophobia thanatophobia villophobia

50. Fear of peanut butter sticking the roof of your mouth Arachibutyrophobia