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CSR & Participation

CSR & Participation. CSRD 27 September 2010. Introduction. Summary (short – of CSR & Impact Assessment) Exercise: CSR and Participation Presentation: CSR and Participation. Course Outline. Structure Overview: CSR and Dev. 2010

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CSR & Participation

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  1. CSR & Participation CSRD 27 September 2010

  2. Introduction • Summary (short – of CSR & Impact Assessment) • Exercise: CSR and Participation • Presentation: CSR and Participation

  3. Course Outline • Structure • Overview: CSR and Dev. 2010 • Cross-Cutting Themes • Impact Assessment • Participation • Current Topics • Codes of Conduct, SMEs, Ethical trading, GVCs. • Summary & Integration

  4. Summary • What Is CSR Impact Assessment?

  5. Summary • What Is CSR Impact Assessment? • An assessment, as objective as possible, of the long-term intended and unintended consequences of CSR-interventions • Note: CSR Evaluation: An assessment, as objective as possible, of the relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, and impact of CSR interventions

  6. Summary • What Do We Know About CSR’s Impacts?

  7. Summary • What Do We Know About CSR’s Impacts? • Mainly about the business case • Otherwise little, like • CSR initiatives work for some firms (workers, communities etc), in some places, in tackling some issues, some of the time (Newell, 2005)

  8. PPP Impact Assessment • Assumptions (Lund-Thomsen 2009) • Interest in Knowing Effects • Truth Out There To Be Discovered • We Can Discover the Truth • Will Generate More Comparative Evidence • Politics of Assessing Impact • Whose interests do PPP IAs serve? • IAs: Story to Written, Negotiation/Resistance

  9. PPP Impact Assessment • Politics of Impact Assessment • Issues/Voices Included or Excluded? • Context Specificity • Impact Assessment Criteria (Utting and Zammit, 2009) • Functional & Performance Selectivity • Policy Coherence

  10. Exercise: CSR and Participation • Consider how to ensure ‘proper participation’ of local communities in CSR interventions – the case of South Africa • Who? • When? • How? • What issues?

  11. Exercise: CSR and Participation • Consider how to ensure ‘proper participation’ of local communities in CSR interventions – the case of South Africa • Who? • When? • How? • What issues?

  12. CSR and Participation • What is a participatory approach to IA? • Empowerment, process, accessible tools(Mayoux & Chambers, 2005) • Why Is It Relevant? • Design, Implementation, Monitoring, and IA • Southern-Centred Perspectives • ”The world of CSR would look very different if the priorities of poorer groups were put first” • Capture local priorities/diversity of voices • Increases skills, knowledge, networks

  13. CSR and Participation • Where Is It Relevant? • Resource extraction industries • Oil, gas, mining, etc. • Labour and pollution-intensive domestic/ export industries • Textile, leather, footwear, etc.

  14. CSR and Participation • Structural Conditions (Omeje 2008) • MNCs During Colonialism • Colonies Used for Resource Extraction • Advance Industrialization in the West • Right to Raise Taxes, Maintain Armies • Forced Labour, Compulsory Cash Crop Production • ’Self-sustaining, organic economies to resource extraction economies’

  15. CSR and Participation • Rentier State • Resource Extraction Continues • Dependent on Revenues from MNCs • Rents monopolized by Elites • ’Masses Not Benefitting’ • No Development of Productive Sectors • MNCs Complicit in a System That Produces Underdevelopment

  16. CSR and Participation • Dilemmas: Corporations - Community (Newell & Garvey 2005) • What is participation? • Citizen control, delegated power, partnership, placation, consultation, informing, therapy or manipulation? • What is a community? • Gender, age, religion, geography, ethnicity, income?

  17. CSR and Participation • Dilemmas: Corporations -> Community (Continued) • Unrealistic Assumptions • Innocent, naive, ’good’ community members, (women) workers etc. • Who defines and who qualifies as a stakeholder? • How are stakeholder views weighed?

  18. CSR and Participation • Community -> Corporation (Newell & Garvey 2005) • Effectiveness of strategies • State-Based • State-corporate, state-community, vulnerability to int. pressure, access to information, legal framework • Company-Based • Multiple levels, level of vulnerability, approach to participation • Community-Based • Powerlessness, livelihood options, intra-community dynamics, representation

  19. Next Session (Week 40) • Value Chains, Codes of Conduct and Impact on the working conditions in the textiles and clothing industry (SJ) • Neilson and Pritchard (2009): Value Chain Analysis & Local Institutions • Jenkins et al. (2002): Codes of Conduct • Strengths and Weaknesses • Ethical Trading Initiative (2006): ETI Code of Labour Practice • Nelson et al. (2007): Impacts of Codes .. • Bezuidenhout & Jeppesen (forthcoming): The Impact of Labour Codes of Conduct on the Working Conditions …

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