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Creating the Constitution

Creating the Constitution. Ch. 8. Essential Question. Explain the major issues & ideas of government related to the creation of the American Constitution. Focus Questions. What is the Constitution? What is its significance?

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Creating the Constitution

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  1. Creating the Constitution Ch. 8

  2. Essential Question Explain the major issues & ideas of government related to the creation of the American Constitution.

  3. Focus Questions • What is the Constitution? What is its significance? • What are some of the ideas of government included in the Constitution? Explain each in your own words • What are the main debates or discussions during the development of the Constitution? • What are the resolutions to each of these debates? • How was the branch of government that helps make the laws created? • Who were the supporters of the Constitution and who were those against it? • What were the main complaints against the Constitution? • What were the Federalist Papers? • What was a key issue to help ratify the Constitution?

  4. Articles of Confederation • Shays’ Rebellion • Constitutional Convention

  5. Constitutional Convention What: Meeting to revise the Articles of Confederation – fix government Where: Philadelphia When: 1787 Who: representatives or delegates from states • 55 in all • White men ( no women/ blacks or Native Americans)

  6. What?: Constitution • Written document • Plan of government ( instructions of how government should work • How the nation’s government will run or will set up • Powers of the government • Highest law of the land ( all other laws based on it)

  7. Constitution: What kind of government did the delegates want to set up? • Separation of powers ( 3 branches of government) • Legislative ( makes/ passes laws) • Executive ( carry out laws) • Judicial ( interpret or judges laws)

  8. Constitution: What kind of government did the delegates want to set up? • Check & balances To keep the balance of power- each branch check on the others, so, no branch can take more power than the others

  9. Constitution: What kind of government did the delegates want to set up? • Republic= representative government • how to decide representation • Are all states the same? • Did all states get same number of representatives? • Remember … the representatives will help make the laws • More representatives = more power in government

  10. Major debates or discussions during development of Constitution • Who should have the most power ? • State V. National / Central • Representation • Slavery • Rights of Individuals

  11. Major debates or discussions during development of Constitution • Who should have the most power ? • State V. National / Central • Resolution = Federal system • Sharing power between states and national governments • Some powers for the states • Other powers for national government • Supremacy of national or federal government

  12. Plans proposed to decide representation ( legislative)***remember the representatives will help create the laws***More representatives = more power in government Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Smaller states/ states with less people Wanted: Equal ( same) representation for all states ( big & small) • Larger states / more population • Wanted: Representation based on population • more people in a state = more representatives

  13. Resolution for Representation:Great Compromise • Representation in the legislature = representatives making laws • Creates Congress • Bicameral = 2 groups of representatives • 1 based on population • 1 with equal representation for all states

  14. Great Compromise • Resolved the debate about representation • Created the legislative branch • Bicameral ( 2 groups of representatives) • Senate • House of Representatives • 1 with equal representation for all states • 1 based in state population

  15. Legislative Branch= makes lawCongress Senate House of Representatives Virginia plan Representation based on population States with larger population/ more people get more representatives in Congress • New Jersey plan • Equal/ same representation for all states • 2 senators per state • 50 x 2 = 100 senators

  16. Debate: Slavery and Constitutionrepresentation & taxation ( p.78) • Who will be counted in the population of each state? • Are slaves counted as population? Resolution: Three- Fifth Compromise count some slaves, but not all as population More people= more Representatives in the House of representatives ( Congress) = more power in government

  17. Debate: Individual Rights • Most states have included a Bill of Rights in their state constitutions – guarantying the rights of the people • Americans divided: Federalists Vs. Anti-Federalists ( see chart on page 235)

  18. Federalists V. Anti-Federalists

  19. Federalist Papers • What? Essays to answer Antifederalists’ attacks • Who? Federalists( supporters of Constitution) • Authors: • James Madison • Alexander Hamilton • John Jay

  20. Individual Rights’ Resolution • Anti-federalists • Constitution is missing a written warranty of rights for the individuals (citizens) • Resolution: The Bill of Rights • First 10 Amendments or Changes to the Constitution • Basic rights of the people • With the creation of the Bill of Rights the Constitution was ratify or approved! • Yippee! A new plan of government has been created !

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