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General Presentation of Hungary

Explore the geopolitical position, rich history, vibrant culture, and practical travel advice for Hungary. From its strategic location and landlocked status to its membership in international organizations, Hungary's diplomatic and geopolitical importance is highlighted. Discover the country's fascinating history, from its foundation to modern times, and learn about its diverse culture. Get practical advice for traveling to Hungary, including information on the economy, natural resources, and government and politics. Discover the priorities and challenges Hungary faces, as well as its focus on regional cooperation and global engagement.

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General Presentation of Hungary

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  1. General Presentation of Hungary Gergely Schuchtár Consul Embassy of Hungary

  2. Structure • Geopolitical position of the country • History of Hungary • Culture of Hungary • Practical advices for the travel

  3. Geopoliticalposition Area: 93.030 km2 Population: 9,9 m (2014 e.) Additional 4,5 m outside Central and Eastern Europe 7 neighbors Climate: continental Budapest: 1.8m No sea, no high mountains (highest peak: 1014 m asl)

  4. Economy • 2014. IV.Q. GDP growth 3,4% (EU average: 1,3%) • 2014. III.Q. Export growth 7,9% / Import by 11% • 2014 SUM Ex: 84,5 billion EUR / Im: 78,0 billion EUR (6,5 billion EUR surplus) • Volume of industrial production in 2014 7,6% higher than in 2013 • Car industry • Alimentary • Beverage • Tobacco • Growing investments in private sector 11,8% (2014. IIIQ) • Construction industry lower 2,2% (2014. dec.) • Unemployment rate 7,7% (2014 Y.) • Average wages (850 EUR) • Public Debt (end of 2014): GDP 77,3% • Government (spending) financing needs (in 2014): GDP 2,2% • GDP/C. (PPP): 21.239 USD • GDP/C (nom.): 14.703 USD(IMF) • GDP:€ 96.968 billion (2012/EU)

  5. Natural resources • Not much • bauxite, coal, natural gas, arable land • fertile soils • 47.24% of total land • (GMO free land / protected since 2006 and by constitution XX. Art.) • Rivers: Danube and Tisza (international waterways) • Danube river from Germany to Black Sea EU’s longest 2860 km • Tisza river from the Ukraine to Black Sea: 965 km • Lake Balaton • Thermalwater

  6. Natural resourcesin need • The primary energy demand in 2010  is based on: • Gas: 40.6% • Oil: 32.1% • Nuclear: 15.2% • Coal: 10.5% • 53% of overall energy from abroad • 78% of natural gas imported • Out of this 80% from Russia through the Ukraine • 82% of crude oil from Russia through the Ukraine • Nuclear energy: Paks 1982 CCCP (40% of overall electricity) 4R (2034) + 2

  7. Geopolitical location • Landlocked • Strategic location in terms of land routes

  8. Geopolitics II. • Many IO’s (OECD, OSCE, UNsys, CoE, etc.) • NATO (1999) • EU (2004) • Regional initiatives: • Visegrad Group (V4) since 1991 • V4+ (An honest desire to intensify mutual cooperation and friendship among the four Central European states) • CEI since 1989 (18 MS)

  9. History of Hungary • 896: Honfoglalás • 1000: Foundation of the state by the King Stephen • 1241-42: Invasion of the Tatars/Mongols

  10. History of Hungary II • 1458-1490: King MathiasCorvinus (KraljMatjaž) • 1541: Turkishinvasion (Country splitintothreeparts)

  11. History of Hungary III • XVII, XVIII: Fightsforindependence (Habsburg, Turkish) • 1848: Hungarianrevolution • 1867: Dualmonarchy of Austria-Hungary • 1914-1918: WW I

  12. History of Hungary IV • Treaty of Trianon (1920) • WW II (Holocaust)

  13. History of Hungary V • 1945-1989 Sovietinvasion, communistdictatorship • 1956: Revolution

  14. Government and Politics • Hungary is a parliamentaryrepresentativedemocraticrepublic • Democraticelectionsince 1990. • National assembly (unicameral). • Head of State: János Áder • Head of Government: Viktor Orbán

  15. Challenges • Sustainable economic development • Aging population • Economic migration to W-EU (doctors, scientists, researchers, artists, etc.) • Brain Drain to USA still strong • Our region is still not competitive enough • Too export sensitive economy – Market diversification • Too dependent on out of EU energy sources • (No Energy Union, No single energy market YET) • Geopolitical instability – diverging interests

  16. Priorities (Geo.) • Neighbors (i.e. Slovenia) • Focus to achieve excellent relations (accept) • No more “0” Sum Game – Win-Win • SME (Core of our growing economies, 500 Km) • Support of HU minorities abroad • Regional policy • Common interests and goals (CSEE) / V4, CEI • Coordination of policies to be represented in IOs. • Euro-Atlantic orientation • National interests represented in EU and NATO • Strong and united Europe (economic crisis management, prevalence of community-based method of decision making) • Strengthening of transatlantic cooperation • Global opening • Reopen towards the “forgotten” part of the world • Increased role in shaping the global agenda in order to meet better global challenges.

  17. Priorities (Sectors) • Security policy • International terrorism • International cyber terrorism • Transnational organized crime • Illegal migration related threats • Energy Security • Natural gas / oil supplies for growing economies • Renewable energy resources and technologies • Promotion of collective rights of national minorities • Language, culture, education, wellbeing at home • Agriculture / food safety / sustainable development / respecting cultural diversity

  18. HU FP and Diplomacy • Public service • Strengthen security in an international context • Enhance international visibility of the community (as country and nation) • Secure external resources for well-being • Broaden opportunities for external education and cultural contacts Last but not least • Ensuring access to consular protection for citizens • 100 missions with over 1800 foreign service officers

  19. Culture of Hungary • Music: Ferenc Liszt, Béla Bartók, Zoltán Kodály • Sciences: Nobel laureates Albert Szent-Györgyi (C-vitamin). • Sport: Summer olympics success, main sports: Football, handball, water polo, fencing, handball. • Spa culture

  20. Visit of Hungary • Places: Budapest

  21. Visit of Hungary • Places: Puszta, Lake Balaton, othercities • Castles: http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magyarorsz%C3%A1gi_v%C3%A1rak_list%C3%A1ja http://visit-hungary.com/things-to-do/top-15-castles

  22. Visit of Hungary • Coin of Hungary: Forint ( 1 €=300 HUF) • Must taste: Wine(Tokaj, Eger, Szekszárd, Balaton), Gulyás leves (Goulashsoup), Somlói http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine

  23. Thank you for your attention! Q&A

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