1 / 29

ROMAN REPUBLIC

Apollo. ROMAN REPUBLIC. Timeline. 509 BCE Expulsion of Etruscan monarchs 218-201 Second Punic War 149-146 Third Punic War 133-122 Land Reforms 88-83 Civil War 73-71 Slave Revolt led by Spartacus 49-44 Caesar dictator of Rome. Origins. Founding Myths Virgil and the Aeneid Dido

betty_james
Télécharger la présentation

ROMAN REPUBLIC

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Apollo ROMAN REPUBLIC

  2. Timeline • 509 BCE Expulsion of Etruscan monarchs • 218-201 Second Punic War • 149-146 Third Punic War • 133-122 Land Reforms • 88-83 Civil War • 73-71 Slave Revolt led by Spartacus • 49-44 Caesar dictator of Rome

  3. Origins • Founding Myths • Virgil and the Aeneid • Dido • Romulus and Remus • Most likely.

  4. Geography • Relatively flat, rolling terrain • one mountain range divides Italy east/west • Rome’s location • river • road • farming/grazing to the south • urban developments to the north.

  5. Etruscans • Region north of Rome • region of cities • develop city states similar to Greece • wealthy from minerals: tin, copper, iron, gold • trade with Greece.

  6. Etruscans • Legacy to Romans • adopted Greek alphabet • organize into city state (big advantage over tribes) • adopt gods • hepatoscopy • Gladitorial contests • fasces • art.

  7. Typical method of eating - reclining on one arm Funerary urn

  8. Early Rome • Government • republic • Senators • Social order • nobles vs. plebians • Law of the Twelve Tables (450 BCE)

  9. Rome 500 BCE

  10. Rome 264 BCE

  11. Struggle of the Orders • Conflict between nobles and plebians • plebian leverage • consuls • plebiscites (by 287 BCE)

  12. Philosophy in the Republic • Conservatism • things were always better in the past • reverence for the family • paterfamilias

  13. Philosophy in the Republic • Religion • traditional myths • reverence for past • custom and public opinion determine “moral” • omens. Roman ship based on “traditional” design

  14. Philosophy in the Republic • Social Values • advancement • military position necessary for advancement to public office • competition for public office Romans placed great store in public and military service

  15. Philosophy in the Republic • Politics • Client-Patron status • Citizenship.

  16. Punic Wars • Fought between Italy and Carthage • why? • Second Punic War • invasion by Hannibal • battle of Cannae 216 BCE • Results • Roman control of the Mediterranean • social changes in Rome.

  17. Second Punic War

  18. Social and Cultural Changes • Change in society • materialism • slavery • loss of traditional family values • women gain freedom • adoption of Greek art.

  19. Social and Cultural Changes • Economic Pressures • Transformation in farming • latifundia • rise accelerated by 2nd Punic War and legislation • Provincial Governors • dishonest, squeeze for as much as possible

  20. Violence and Revolution • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus • want land reform to help those made homeless by war • assassinations in 133 and 121 • 107 Marius ends land requirement for soldiers • changes role of military forever • 88 Marius and Sulla fight over generalship • 82 Sulla becomes dictator.

  21. Cultural Revolution of the Late Republic • Cicero attempts rejuvenation of ancient virtues • growing rich poor gap • rise of Greek culture and individualism • food Bust of Sabina – 140 CE Getty Collection

  22. Roman seating arrangements

  23. Cultural Revolution of the Late Republic • sexuality • husbands and wives • Bisexual Caesar jeered as “the wife of everyone and the husband of every woman” • slavery.

  24. Caesar(100 - 44 BCE) • Emerges in time of trouble • Spartacus • Triumvirate with Crassus and Pompey • campaigns in Gaul 58-50 BCE • preoccupation with war leads to weakening of political clout.

  25. Caesar(100 - 44 BCE) • Pompey and Senators declare Caesar a public enemy 50 BCE • Defies Constitution by crossing the Rubicon • 49-48 defeats Pompey • Dictator for life, head of civil relgion • known as the imperator - wielder of right to command • calendar, July, colonies, reform.

  26. Assassination • Ides of March • “the end of the tyranny”

  27. Assassination • 14 years of civil war and upheaval • ends with Caesars grand-nephew and adopted son gaining control.

More Related