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The Rise of Fascism

The Rise of Fascism. Or how did these crazy nutjobs come into power in the first place?. What is Fascism?. Fascism = a militant political movement Originated in Italy by Benito Mussolini Loyalty to the state Extreme nationalism Uniforms and salutes Nations must struggle and fight

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The Rise of Fascism

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  1. The Rise of Fascism Or how did these crazy nutjobs come into power in the first place?

  2. What is Fascism? • Fascism = a militant political movement • Originated in Italy by Benito Mussolini • Loyalty to the state • Extreme nationalism • Uniforms and salutes • Nations must struggle and fight • No individual rights • Each class had special place • Used religion for own purpose • Hated Communism

  3. Mussolini and Italy • After WWI, Italy was • Mad about no territorial gains • Afraid of a Communist Revolution • Benito Mussolini promised to save economy and rebuild army • Mussolini and Black Shirts marched on Rome • Made King hand over power to B.M. • Took power legally.. Sort of…

  4. More Mussolini “Il Duce” = the leader Abolished democracy Secret police galore Created a model Fascist State

  5. The Rise of Adolf Hitler

  6. The Rise of the NAZIs • National Socialist German Workers’ Party • Swastika for a symbol • Brownshirts = storm troopers (militia, not star wars) • Hitler became der Führer of NAZI party • Attempted coup failed • Lesson learned: Had to take power legally

  7. Hitler’s Plans for Germany • Hitler imprisoned for treason • Wrote book Mein Kampf(My Struggle) • Germans were master race (called them “Aryans”) • Non Aryans were inferior • Vowed to reverse the Treaty of Versailles • Conquer eastern Europe and Russia • Gain “lebenraum” or “living space”

  8. Hitler’s Rise to Power… 100% Legal • During depression, Hitler rose in prestige and prominence • Widespread fear of communism • President appointed Hitler chancellor • Hitler asked for dictatorial powers for 4 years

  9. Totalitarian Regime Banned all other political parties SS (schutzstaffel)- elite military force loyal only to Hitler Gestapo = secret police Took control of economy Propaganda Book burning Hitler Youth and League of German Girls

  10. The German Scapegoat • Targeted the Jewish population for failure in WWI • Anti-Semitism already engrained in German (and all European) society • Deprived Jews of their rights • Kristallnacht- “Night of the Broken Glass” • Attack on Jewish owned businesses • A “pogrom”- gov’t sponsored violence against Jews

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