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Understanding the Internet: Basics, Protocols, and Domain Management

The Internet is a vast network of interconnected computers and systems that facilitates communication and information exchange among individuals, businesses, and organizations worldwide. It operates on the TCP/IP protocols, which allow data to move seamlessly across networks. This article clarifies the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web, explains how domain names are resolved through the Domain Name System (DNS), and outlines common domain types and oversight entities like ICANN. Discover how URL structures dictate resource access and the significance of various protocols.

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Understanding the Internet: Basics, Protocols, and Domain Management

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  1. Internet Basics The Internet Is… • a network of networks • a community of people, businesses, schools and organizations • E-mail, web pages, databases, file transfer and exchange • based on the TCP/IP protocols

  2. How Information moves: TCP / IP • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) • IP (Internet Protocol) Addresses • Converts “English” names like: www.westhillci.ca • into “Machine” (IP) names: 198.137.241.30 Domain Name System (DNS) IP Routing • Your ISP (Internet Service Provider) “resolves” the address with their DNS servers so that: • www.tdsb.on.ca is translated to 146.229.1.191

  3. The Internet vs The Web • The Internet is ALL of the computers and ALL of the information available • The World Wide Web is a subset of the Internet that contains hypermedia and is accessible through a Web browser. What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?

  4. Resource Addresses • protocol: //address/dir/file • http hyper text transport protocol NormalWeb pages • https Secure Web pages • ftp File Transfer Protocol • There are others… Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)

  5. NETNetwork Sites ORGNon-profit Organizations UKUnited Kingdom CACanada AUAustralia Common Domains EDU Education MIL Military GOVNon-Military Government Sites COMCommercial Organizations

  6. Who’s in charge of Internet Domains? ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers In 2011 BIG changes were announced, if you are willing to pay big bucks, you are now allowed to create domains names using any combination of letters and numbers.

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