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Deconstruction

Deconstruction. and Green Building. Waste Management Reuse and Recycling. Deconstruction – What is it?. Each year, as many as 100,000 residential buildings are demolished in the United States More than 8 tons of waste to landfill

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Deconstruction

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  1. Deconstruction and Green Building Waste Management Reuse and Recycling

  2. Deconstruction – What is it? • Each year, as many as 100,000 residential buildings are demolished in the United States • More than 8 tons of waste to landfill • Wood, plaster and drywall, metals, masonry and other building materials • Deconstruction • Selective dismantling or removal of materials from buildings • Alternative to demolition • Reduces landfill; increases use of natural resources • Salvage higher value materials for reuse: • Wood flooring, Raised panel doors, • Ornate interior and exterior trim • Electrical and plumbing fixtures • Framing, Bricks

  3. Deconstruction – What is it? • Breaking down buildings, not destroying them • Preserving material for reuse • Reduce waste • Cost savings • Labor costs can be offset by lower equipment costs • Deconstruction does not require as much heavy equipment • Deconstruction relies primarily on hand tools and small machinery • Disposal costs are lower: reduce waste by up to 75% • Creates new ranges of employment opportunities • Environmental benefits of recyclable/reusable materials • Waste reduction • Conservation of natural resources • Significantly greater protection to the local site, including soil and vegetation

  4. Deconstruction – Challenges • Challenges • Use of modern day materials • Plywood and composite boards are difficult to remove • Gluing floorboards and using high-tech fasteners inhibit deconstruction • Asbestos-containing materials in older buildings or buildings that have been renovated • Can be found in pipe, duct, wall and ceiling insulation, ceiling tiles, roofing, siding, vinyl sheet flooring, wallboard, plaster and window caulking • Deconstruction takes longer than demolition • Long permit process for demolition often cuts into the time needed for deconstruction

  5. Deconstruction – Markets • Markets • Virgin heart lumber found in old building can be sanded down and refinished • Architects can use this wood and other reclaimed materials creatively in new construction • Also valuable to remodelers and historic preservationists restoring old buildings • Re-milling of wood for wood flooring

  6. Deconstruction vs. Demolition • Alternative to crushing and buying valuable building materials, deconstruction salvages • readily available components • additional materials • oak flooring, oak stair treads and structural timbers. • Deconstruction may cost 30%-50% less than straight demolition • Preliminary research by EPA and NAHB-Research • Developed with the Baltimore Development Corporation and the Housing Authority of Baltimore • Deconstruction disposal costs are lower • Reduces the amount of waste produced by up to 75%. • Deconstruction provides greater protection to the local site, including the soil and vegetation. • Deconstruction creates less dust and noise than demolition.

  7. Deconstruction Safety • Work-Site safety • Fall protection • Maintenance of structural integrity • Fire prevention • Often less important during conventional demolition • Hazardous materials, such as asbestos and lead • Sequence critical to prevent collapse of the structure • No formal procedures or standards exist for structural disassembly • All workers must be aware of critical supports, both existing and temporary • Fire avoidance even more important when building materials are stored on site • Keep the job site clean • Avoid unsafe working conditions • Maintain communication between workers or teams

  8. Deconstruction Safety • Nature of fall hazards in the workplace • Each deconstruction project new and unique hazards • Identify hazards during initial walk through • Hazardous materials • Commercial property owner should identify hazardous materials on the site prior to demolition or deconstruction. • Most common problems • lead paint • asbestos • underground fuel storage tanks • electrical transformers: PCBs.

  9. Deconstruction Process • Conduct a detailed inventory of how and of what the building is made. • Every component, its condition, and the manner in which it is secured impacts the cost-effectiveness of salvage. • Condition of wood rafters or the type of mortar impacts the value of the salvaged materials and/or the labor required • Detailed building material inventory • Includes invasive inspection of the structure • identify hazardous materials not available for inspection during a non-invasive inspection. • hazardous materials impact the feasibility of deconstruction • Throughout deconstruction process: • Remove any nails • Sort, clean, and stack the materials • Keep the job site as clean as possible • Avoid unsafe working conditions.

  10. Deconstruction Process • Deconstruction generally begins in the interior of the home or building. • Initial walk through and evaluation: materials inventory list • Identify all trim work, fixtures and fittings that are to be salvaged. • Cabinets, light fixtures, windows, doors (including glass, French, closet and rollup garage doors), tile, some carpet, hardwood floors • Roof – depending on the materials, this may or may not be salvagable • Walls – deconstructing a wall is almost the exact opposite of constructing • Floor – should be one of the final steps in the deconstruction process • If a raised floor, additional materials can be salvaged including floor joists, beams, girders and plywood • Tongue and grooved dimension lumber is highly salvageable

  11. Green Builder Program Components • Higher Energy Efficiency Standards • Exceed CA Title 24 by >15% • Resource Conservation • Wood • Engineered wood products • Certified wood products • Water • Outdoor + Indoor 20,000+ g/y • Waste Diversion and Recycling • BII protocols meet AB 939 • 50+% reduction in construction-site waste • 3rd Party Validation (All features)

  12. Water and Wood Conservation • CGB homes use 20,000+ gal less water than typical homes • Innovative plumbing systems and fixtures • New designs for landscaping and irrigation • Certified forest products • Engineered wood products

  13. Waste Diversion and Recycling • Divert at least 50% of construction wastes from landfills • Recycle cement, wood, drywall, and cardboard • Use engineered wood products to minimize on-site construction waste and save trees • Simple • Reduces landfill congestion • Cost effective

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