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Thomas Jefferson and his followers accused President Adams of excessive government power, leading to Jefferson's victory and the passing of the 12th Amendment. Jefferson reduced the federal army, rolled back Hamilton's economic program, and protested against the Judiciary Act of 1801. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States, with Lewis and Clark leading the exploration that paved the way for western settlement.
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CH 6 Section 3 Jefferson’s Presidency
Thomas Jefferson and his followers accused President Adams of making the federal government too powerful. They claimed he threatened people’s liberties. Jefferson defeated Adams by eight electoral votes.
Hamilton persuaded his supporters in the House to vote for Jefferson. The nation then passed the12th Amendment calling for separate votes for president and vice-president. Jefferson and his VP Aaron Burr received the same number of electoral votes. The House of Representatives had to decide the winner.
Jefferson took steps to limit the power of the central government. He reduced the size of the federal army. He rolled back Hamilton’s economic program by reducing the influence of the national bank.
Judiciary Act of 1801: Federalists increased the number of Supreme Court justices to sixteen, and Adams quickly appointed Federalists. Jefferson and the Dem.-Rep. protested. These judges were called midnight judges because Adams signed their appointments late on the last day of his presidency.
John Marshall Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
This decision established the principle of judicial review. This principle allows the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional. In Marbury v. Madison the Supreme Court ruled that the Judiciary Act was unconstitutional.
With the Louisiana Purchase, the United States doubled in size. In 1803, Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase from France. The Land stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.
Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the new land. Lewis and Clark led a team of soldiers and adventurers. This group later included Sacajawea, a Native American woman who was a guide and interpreter. This exploration paved the way for western settlement.
