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Use of HPC Data for Life Cycle Assessment

Use of HPC Data for Life Cycle Assessment. Characterizing Chemicals in Commerce Austin, TX, December 12-14, 2006 Rita Schenck, Institute for Environmental Research & Education American Center for LCA. Life Cycle Assessment is:.

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Use of HPC Data for Life Cycle Assessment

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  1. Use of HPC Data for Life Cycle Assessment Characterizing Chemicals in Commerce Austin, TX, December 12-14, 2006 Rita Schenck, Institute for Environmental Research & Education American Center for LCA

  2. Life Cycle Assessment is: • A comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts of products and services • Based on input-output analysis of the entire product life cycle • Using indicators of all relevant environmental impacts to provide an ecoprofile • Often based on the fate & transport of chemical emissions • Highly data intensive • Science-based and useful for many decision

  3. Raw Material Extraction Inputs Outputs Manufacturing, Production (resources) air and water energy, emissions, , materials wastes Distribution Transportation Operations and Maintenance Recycle and Waste Management Industrial System All Life Cycle Stages

  4. Human Toxicity Ozone Depletion Ecotoxicity Fossil Fuel Depletion Photochemical Smog Eutrophication Acidification Climate Change All Impact Categories

  5. DfE Public Policy Marketing & Labels Product Stewardship Vendor Management LCA EmissionsTrading AnnualReports EMS Some Uses of LCA

  6. LinerChroming (off site) Raw Materials Warehouse/ Checkpoint ColorantMixing Injection Molding ToolMachining CompressionMolding Mold Machining Assembly Printing(Stainless) Packaging HVAC Ship toUS/UK Truck toHong Kong Warehousing Dishwashertesting Truck toSeattle/York Truck to Stores BoilingWater Test Example Scoping, Cups System Boundary

  7. FLOWS Not a comprehensive list, buta minimum list • Water • COD • TDS • TSS • BOD (5,7,10) • Flow • Temperature • NH3 (as N) • TKN (as N) • NO3, NO2 (as N) • PAH’s • Phosphates (as P) • Cu • Ni • As • Cd • Cr • Pb • Hg • Resources • Electricity (location) • Water (location & type) • Fuel (in ground) • Minerals (in ground) • Biomass (harvested) • Land use (area & location) • Air • CO2 • CO • PM (10, 2.5) • CH4 • SOX • NOX • NH3 • Hg • Pb • VOC (NM) • Dioxin • PAH’s • Wastes • Solid waste • Radioactive Waste (high, low, medium) • Hazardous Waste

  8. Normalized Type III Ecolabel

  9. Typical LCA Toxicity Measures • Benzene or Toluene equivalents for Cancer or non-cancer endpoints • DALY’s (disability adjusted life years) • Toxic units (based on toxicity & persistence, sometimes bioaccumulation) • LCA focuses on environmental health & ecotoxicity • Naturally-occurring chemicals and mixtures are rarely if ever considered

  10. Most Useful HVC’s

  11. Natural & Petroleum Oils & Derivatives

  12. Opportunities to Reduce Costs

  13. Summary • Much of the information in HPV database in useful for LCA • Especially the information on acute toxicity, ecotoxicity and fate • About half of the “substances” are either mixtures or naturally occurring, and toxicity testing is questionable • There is an opportunity to test components of mixtures to minimize costs

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