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Matter

Learn about matter, mixtures, and pure substances. Explore the characteristics, composition, and means of separation for homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures. Discover physical and chemical properties and how they can be observed and used to separate substances.

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Matter

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  1. Matter Has Mass and Takes Up Space

  2. Mixture Varying composition Not Chemically Combined Retain properties of original substance Separate by physical means

  3. Homogeneous Uniform throughout Examples: ice tea stainless steel brass jar of peanuts gold jewelry Mixture

  4. Solution Mixture in which particles are so small they cannot be seen and will not settle to the bottom of their container. Examples: ice tea Windex Kool-Aid Coca Cola vinegar Homogeneous Solutions

  5. Mixture Heterogeneous Not Uniform throughout Examples: trail mix concrete dirt wood milk

  6. Heterogeneous Colloids and Suspensions Colloid Mixture in which a beam of light can be seen as it passes through Examples: • Fog • Milk • gelatin Suspension • Liquid heterogeneous mixture in which visible particles settle Examples: • muddy water • PeptoBismol • chocolate in milk

  7. Pure Substance Constant composition Chemically Combined Separated by chemical means

  8. Pure Substances • Elements – made of one type of atom

  9. Pure Substance • Compounds – fixed proportion of 2 or more elements

  10. Physical Propertiescan be observed without changing the composition of the substance

  11. Physical Property & Means of Separation viscosity (fluidity) ex. syrup v. wateruse decanting to separate

  12. Physical Property & Means of Separation conductivityex. metal v. plasticuse electric charge to separate

  13. Physical Property & Means of Separation density– ex. bowling ball v. basket ball use decanting & chromatography to separate

  14. Physical Property & Means of Separation solubility – ex. sugar v. pepper use dissolving & evaporation to separate

  15. Physical Property & Means of Separation magnetism – ex. iron v. wood use magnetic separation to separate

  16. Physical Property & Means of Separation • melting/boiling pointex. water v. copperuse distillation to separate

  17. Physical Property & Means of Separation particle size – ex. Sand v. boulders use filtering or screening to separate

  18. Chemical Property • If a substance will or will not undergo a change that will alter the composition of the original substance.

  19. Chemical Properties • Combustibility/Flammabilityhow easily a substance will burn

  20. Chemical Property • Oxidation - Combines with Oxygenex. Iron rusting

  21. Chemical Property • Corrode - to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid

  22. Chemical Property • Decomposition – a compound broken into its elementsex. Hydrogen peroxide to water & hydrogen

  23. Chemical Properties • React with Acidsex. Copper with nitric acid

  24. Chemical Property • Non-reactiveex. Gold, noble gases

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