Birds and Fish

1. Birdsand Fish

2. Characteristic Fish • Ectothermic • Lateral line • Two chambered heart • Gills used for respiration • No external ears • No eye lids Brid • warm blooded (endothermic) • vertebrates (they have a backbone and an internal skeleton) • breathe using lungs (not gills) • an outer covering of feathers - this feature is not shared with any other vertebrate group • reproduce by laying eggs

3. Reproduction system Fish-A fish reproduces sexually. The female lays eggs outside her body and then a male comes along and sprays a liquid called milt which has many sperm cells. The eggs are then fertilized. The eggs contain yolk that feeds the young fish in the egg and some stays on to feed the fish after it hatches. A few fish carry their eggs in their bodies until birth. Bird-The fertilized ovum forms the nucleus of the egg, which will be equipped with a food source (the yolk) and a protective shell before laying.Certain domesticated birds like chickens and ducks regularly lay eggs without receiving sperm from the male - the eggs we buy in the grocery stores are unfertilized eggs.

4. Digestive system Fish- ingest food through the mouth and break it down in the esophagus. In the stomach, food is further digested and, in many fish, processed in finger-shaped pouches called pyloric caeca, which secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients. Bird-The digestive process is as follows:- The food taken into the mouth is swallowed and passes through the oesophagus into the stomach, assisted in its descent by the secretions of the salivary and mucous glands. When there is a Crop, it is therein mixed with saliva and water, and assisted by the heat of the body is softened aud acted upon in a preliminary way.

5. Nervous Fish- has a brain and a nervous system. Its eyes are positioned on either side of its body and are quite large, with no eyelid. Their retinas have both rods and cones. They have large pupils that let in a great deal of light. They have an inner ear but no outer ear opening. Since their bodies are the same consistency as water. Sound in water travels four times as fast as in the air. Birds -have a three part brain composed of a section for olfaction, optics, and hearing. The relative proportions of each of these sections vary with the ecology of the bird. For example, birds such as vultures and falcons, whom detect low levels of methane gas, have a large olfactory section to their brains.

6. Cardiovascular • Fish possess the simplest type of true heart – a two-chambered organ composed of one atrium and one ventricle. . • Bird's hearts have four chambers – two atria and two ventricles.

7. Bird

8. Fish