The Reformation Spreads

1. The Reformation Spreads By: Sharon Joseph, Shechenah Dasari, Christine Thomas, and Ashley Charales

2. John Calvin • 1509-1564 • French lawyer • Theologian • Responsible for the success of the Reformation outside Germany and Scandinavia.

3. John Calvin John Calvin • Background • John Calvin most important Protestant reformer next to Martin Luther • Educated in France, influenced by Erasmus, Renaissance humanists • Supported reforms of Luther in Germany

4. John Calvin “May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” - Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with

5. John Calvin • Anti-Catholic • Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.” • Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland

6. Predestination • Calvin believed in: • Salvation through Predestination • At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell

7. Calvin believed in: • Foreknowledge • God knows everything that will happen in your life • Purified approach to life: • No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..

8. Things to Remember • Problems in the church like selling indulgences led to this Reformation. • Martin Luther and others argued that God provided salvation, not the church.

9. Dedication to God’s Law: Sign of Salvation • Calvinists assumed that only unfailing dedication to God’s law could be seen as a sign of salvation.

10. Christianity Protestant Catholic Lutheran Calvinism Presbyterian Puritan Hugeunots

11. CALVINISM • Started in Switzerland – Calvinists • England = Puritans • Scotland = Presbyterians • Holland = Dutch Reform • France = Huguenots • Germany = Reform Church

12. Revolutionaries: Right to Revolt • Calvinism could also produce revolutionaries willing to defy any authorities perceived to be in violation of God’s laws.

13. Anabaptists • Believed that infants shouldn’t be baptized because they aren’t aware yet • Some wanted to abolish private property • Some resorted to violence to push beliefs

14. Protestantism Spreads to England • A King’s Protest • 1509, Henry VIII became king, age 17 • Devout Catholic • Wrote angry protests against Luther’s ideas • Actions won him title “Defender of the Faith” • By 1525, Henry had only one child, Mary • Annulment • Henry wanted male heir, thought female monarch would weaken England • Decided to have marriage to Catherine annulled • Pope would not agree to annulment

15. The Reformation in England • 1547 Henry dies / Edward becomes king but dies young / Mary, a Catholic becomes queen and persecutes Protestants • 1558 Mary dies & Elizabeth becomes Queen and creates a compromise

16. The Reformation in England • Henry Takes Over • Reformation Parliament declared that England no longer considered itself under authority of pope • Henry became head of Church of England • Church of England • Henry changed rituals of church very little • Closed Catholic monasteries, convents, distributed much of land to nobles

17. 1500 A.D. 1560 A.D. 1600 A.D. # of followers Catholic Protestant (Lutheran, Anglican, etc.)

18. Catholic Protestant -Jesus offers salvation but you must work to get it. -Salvation is . the free gift of God, you cannot earn it. -Jesus lived, was crucified and resurrected. -Only God can forgive sins -Popes can forgive sins. -Communion and baptism are very important -Regular church members help make decisions. -Only clergy make decisions in the church.