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Lifespan Development

This comprehensive overview explores the various stages of lifespan development, from conception through late adulthood, highlighting significant milestones in physical, cognitive, and psychosocial growth. Beginning with prenatal development stages—germinal, embryonic, and fetal—this resource outlines critical periods of physical changes, including growth patterns in infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Cognitive and moral development theories, including those by Piaget and Kohlberg, illustrate how individuals progress in their thinking and ethical understanding. Environmental influences, parenting styles, and identity formation stages are also examined, providing insights into the complex interplay of factors that shape human development.

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Lifespan Development

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Lifespan Development Physical Development

  2. Conception • Zygote • 23 pair of chromosomes • DNA • Genes • Genotype • Phenotype

  3. Prenatal Development • Germinal Stage (conception to week 2) • Zygote divides then embeds in uterine wall • Embryonic Stage (week 2 – 8) • 95 % of organs begin to form • Sexual differentiation takes place (week 7 or 8) • Fetal Stage (week 9 – birth) • Organs finish forming and function • Age of viability (week 22 – 26)

  4. Physical Development • Infancy • Fastest time of development • Brain is fastest developing organ • Early and Middle Childhood • Motor Development • Height: 2 – 3” per year • Weight: 5 – 7 lbs. per year

  5. Physical Development • Adolescence • 2nd fastest time of growth • Puberty • Primary and Secondary Sex Characteristics • Menarche / Semenarche

  6. Physical Development • Young Adulthood • Peak • Biological aging begins (senescence) • Middle Adulthood • Gradual decline • Menopause • Late Adulthood

  7. Lifespan Development Cognitive Development

  8. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Schemas • Assimilation • Accomodation • Operations

  9. Development of Moral Thinking • Kohlberg’s Stages of Development of Moral Thinking • Pre-conventional Level: • Based on external forces and avoiding punishment. • Conventional Level: • Based on society’s norms and the approval of others. • Post-conventional Level: • Based on a personal moral code.

  10. Lifespan Development Psychosocial Development

  11. Attachment • A strong affectional tie that binds a person to an intimate companion. • Characterized by: • Affection • A desire to maintain proximity in order to regulate distress

  12. Phases of Attachment • Phase 1 (birth – 2 months) • Phase 2 (2 – 8 months) • Phase 3 (7 – 24 months) • Separation anxiety - Secure base • Stranger anxiety - Social referencing • Phase 4 (2 years and up)

  13. Identity Develoment • Marcia’s 4 Identity Statuses • Based on crisis (conscious decision making) and commitment (personal commitment) • Diffusion: confusion and little progress (no crisis or commitment) • Foreclosure: status determined by parents / others, not personal exploration (commitment w/o crisis) • Moratorium: Exploring alternatives but not settled on one (crisis w/o commitment) • Achievement: Deliberately chosen identity (crisis w/ commitment)

  14. Influences on Development • Environment • Teratogens • Experience • Parents • Heredity • Parenting styles • Authoritarian • Permissive • Authoritative • Neglectful • Critical Periods • Culture • Peers

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