1. What is the difference between rotation and revolution?

2. 1. What is the difference between rotation and revolution? Rotation- is the spin of a body on its axis. Revolution- is one complete trip around an orbit.

3. 2. How long does it take for the Earth to revolve? Rotate?

4. Rotation Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours (1 day) in a counterclockwise direction as seen from the north pole!

5. Revolution The time it takes to make one trip around the sun is a year. That is one revolution. We revolve ONCE around the sun every 365.24 days

6. 3. Why does the Earth have seasons? The Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted 23.5⁰.

8. 4. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, what season is it? When it is tilted away from the sun it is what season? When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, it is summer. When it is tilted away from the sun, it is winter.

9. Tilt of earth causes seasons.

10. No tilt – no seasons

11. 5. What is the difference between the winter and summer solstice? During the winter solstice, the Earth’s axis is tilted away from the sun the furthest. It is the shortest daylight for the Northern Hemisphere. During the summer solstice, the Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun the furthest. It is the longest daylight for the Northern Hemisphere.

12. + Solstices

13. 6. What is an equinox? Equinox is when the sun’s rays are perpendicular to the axis of the Earth, and fall directly on the equator. Day and night are approximately the same length. Neither pole is tilted towards the sun THINK: EQUAL

14. Equinox

15. 7.Why do we never see the far side of the moon? We never see the far side of the moon because the moon’s period of rotation is about the same as its period of revolution. We don’t see the dark side of the moon!

16. 8. Phases of the moon depend on? …depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth, or where the moon is on its orbit around the Earth.

17. Notice that the terminator is moving right to left.

18. 9. Phases of the moon depend on?

19. Waxing means getting bigger every night. Waning means getting smaller every night. Crescent means less than half the surface of the moon facing you is lit by the sun. Gibbous means more than half of the surface of the moon facing you is lit by the sun.

20. Just Remember… Waxing Is like Relaxing! Light is on the right

21. 10. What is the difference between a solar and lunar eclipse? What moon phase do they occur during? Solar Eclipse- happens during a new moon. During a solar eclipse, the shadow of the moon falls on Earth and the moon covers the sun. Lunar Eclipse- happens during a full moon. During a lunar eclipse, the shadow of the Earth falls on the moon so it cannot reflect the sunlight. The moon seems to turn a reddish color.

23. Lunar eclipse

24. Time lapse photography of a lunar eclipse

25. Solar eclipse

26. This is a space shuttle photograph of an area of the Earth having a total solar eclipse.

27. 11. How often to tides occur and how many hours are between each? • We have two low tides and two high tides in a 24 hour period. • 12 hours between high tide and high tide or between low tide and low tide. • 6 hours between high tide and low tide or between low tide and high tide.

28. This is a review of tides since we studied them already!

29. 12. What is the most widely accepted theory of the formation of the moon and explain the theory? The most widely accepted theory of the formation of the moon is the Collision Theory that explains that a large, Mars-size object collided with Earth while the Earth was still forming. The collision was so violent that a part of the Earth’s mantle was blasted into orbit around Earth to form the moon. Collision Theory (start clip at 1:50)

30. Animation of lunar formation http://www.scientificpsychic.com

31. 13. Where have scientist gotten most of their information about the moon from? … the study of the moon rocks gathered by astronauts.

32. Rock sampling Apollo 15

33. 14. What is the difference between a spring and neap tide? What moon phases do they occur during? 1. Neap tide happens when the sun, the Earth and the moon are at a 90⁰ angle. There is not much of a difference between a high and a low tide. They happen during first and last quarters. 2. Spring tide happens when the Earth the sun and the moon are aligned (180˚) and the Earth experiences extreme tides. They happen during the new moon and the full moon.

34. Neap: Small little Spring: Large

36. 15. In which location would you see a total eclipse? Partial eclipse? • You would see a total eclipse in the umbra. • You would see a partial eclipse in the penumbra. Partial=Penumbra

37. 16. What causes day and night on Earth? • Earth’s rotation causes day and night. • It will be day on the side of the Earth facing the sun, while on the side of the Earth facing away from the sun it will be night.

38. 17. As the moon moves from new moon to full moon how does the moon change? The moon waxes as it moves from new moon to full moon. It’s getting bigger! That means that we see more of the sunlit side of the moon. Then, it Wanes, it’s getting smaller!

39. 18. Which day has the longest number of daylight hours? Shortest number of daylight hours? • Longest number of daylight hours: the day of the summer solstice. • Shortest day of daylight hours: winter solstice.

40. 19. Day and night are equal in length on which days? Day and night are approximately the same length during the vernal and autumnal equinoxes. Think- EQUAL

41. 20. Identify and Label Solar Eclipse