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Lesson 10.1 Solubility Curve, Concentration

Lesson 10.1 Solubility Curve, Concentration. Quick review. Solution, Solute, Solvent Can the solvent hold an infinite amount of sugar?. A liquid with solid particles in it are not the only type of solutions Brass is a solution made with solid copper and zinc.

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Lesson 10.1 Solubility Curve, Concentration

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  1. Lesson 10.1Solubility Curve, Concentration

  2. Quick review • Solution, Solute, Solvent • Can the solvent hold an infinite amount of sugar?

  3. A liquid with solid particles in it are not the only type of solutions • Brass is a solution made with solid copper and zinc. • Carbonated water is a solution made with water and carbon dioxide gas • Air we breathe is also a solution

  4. What happens when things dissolve? • As salt dissolves, the salt breaks up into smaller ions. • Dissociation is the break up of these ions • The water surrounds individual ions depending on its charges (do you remember that water is polar?) • Since the ions are split up individually, it seems to have “disappeared” • Does it really disappear?

  5. As salt is dissolved, there comes a point where no more salt will dissolve. • This is said to be saturated (saturated solution) • Saturated: full, unable to hold more. • No more solute can dissolve in the solvent • If solute is still dissolving, it is unsaturated.

  6. Sometimes, solutions can be forced to hold more solutes than it usually can; this is called a supersaturated solution. • Unsaturated  saturated  supersaturated solution

  7. The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved is called the solubility. • The solubility of solids is greatly affected by temperature • The higher the temperature, greater the solubility of solids

  8. Solubility curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between solubility and temperature • Solubility of sugar @20°C? • Solubility of sugar @100°C?

  9. 1 ml = 1 g • How much potassium nitrate (KNO3) will dissolve in 100 g of water at 40°C? • Ans: 60 grams

  10. Solubility curve in your notes • How much potassium nitrate (KNO3) will dissolve in 250 g of water at 40°C? • Set up a proportion between known values and unknown value 60 g KNO3 X g KNO3 = 150gKNO3 100g H2O 250g H2O

  11. How much potassium nitrate (KNO3) will dissolve in 75 g of water at 40°C? • How much potassium nitrate (KNO3) will dissolve in 150 g of water at 20°C?

  12. Concentration

  13. Concentration • Would you rather drink 10% or 100% concentrated orange juice? • How concentrated is a 5M acid?

  14. Molarity • Molarity, or molar concentration, is the amount of moles of solute in a liter of solution M = moles of solute Liters of solution Question: What is the unit for molarity? What is moles?

  15. If I have a 2 M NaCl solution, it means I have 2 moles of NaCl in 1 liter of solution • Or I might have 4 moles of NaCl in 2 liters of solution 2 mol NaCl 2 M NaCl 4 mol NaCl 2 M NaCl 1 L 2 L

  16. Finding M • If I have 5 moles of NaCl in 10 L of solution, what is the molarity? • If I have 3 moles of KClin 500 mL of solution, what is the molarity? • If I have 10 moles of sucrose in 3.5 L of solution, what is the molarity?

  17. Finding moles • If I have 2 L of a 3.5 M solution of NaOH, how many moles of NaOH are there? • If I have 750 mL of a 11.1 M solution of NaOH, how many moles of NaOH are there? • If I have 20 mL of a 0.5 M solution of NaOH, how many moles of NaOH are there?

  18. Finding Liters • If there is 4 moles of sucrose in a 10 M solution, how much solution is there? • If there is 0.55 moles of sucrose in a 4 M solution, how much solution is there? • If there is 1 moles of sucrose in a 0.5 M solution, how much solution, in mL, is there?

  19. Quiz • What is the solubility of sugar in 100ml of water at 20°C? • What is the solubility of sugar in 450ml of water at 20°C? • If I have 20 mL of a 0.5 M solution of NaOH, how many moles of NaOH are there? • If there is 1 moles of sucrose in a 0.5 M solution, how much solutionis there • If I have 10 moles of sucrose in 3.5 L of solution, what is the molarity?

  20. 200g • 900g • 0.01 mol • 2 L • 2.86 M

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