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The Holy Roman Empire and Spanish Empires

The Holy Roman Empire and Spanish Empires. 1520-1600. Charles V and the Hapsburg Empire. Map of the Holy Roman Empire. The Reign of Charles V. Political Connections Title: King of Burgundy, Castile, Aragon, Naples and Sicily, Austria, King of the Romans, and Holy Roman Empire

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The Holy Roman Empire and Spanish Empires

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  1. The Holy Roman Empire and Spanish Empires 1520-1600

  2. Charles V and the Hapsburg Empire

  3. Map of the Holy Roman Empire

  4. The Reign of Charles V Political Connections Title: King of Burgundy, Castile, Aragon, Naples and Sicily, Austria, King of the Romans, and Holy Roman Empire Grandparents: Isabella and Ferdinand Aunt: Catherine of Aragon Cousin: Mary I of England Son: Philip II (becomes husband of Mary I, is the great nephew of Catherine of Aragon) Wife: Isabella of Portugal

  5. Domestic Affairs • Charles V and Martin Luther • Imperial Diet, 1530 • Augsburg Confession • Peace of Augsburg

  6. Foreign Affairs • Charles V and the Netherlands • Benefits to the HRE • Protestantism in the Netherlands • Spain • France • Ottoman Empire • Overseas exploration

  7. ThE end Of Charles’ Reign • Abdication in 1556

  8. Philip II and the Rise of Spain R. 1554-1598

  9. Inheriting Lands

  10. Family Connections • Son of Charles V (HRE) and Isabella of Portugal (b. 1527) • Educated in Spain • Marriages • 1. Mary of Portugal (m.1543-1545) • 2. Mary, Queen of England (m.1554-1558) • 3. Elizabeth of Valois (m.1559-1568) • 4. Anne of Hapsburg (m. 1568-1598)

  11. The Rise of Spain under Philip II • Economic Boom • Moves Capital to Madrid • Builds El Escorial • Complex rituals • Hapsburg-Valois Wars • Fighting with the Ottomans

  12. El Escorial

  13. The Decline • 1. Economic Decline • 2. Empire spread too thin • 3. Piracy

  14. 4. The Spanish Armada, May – September 1588 • Purpose • Bring Catholicism back to England • End Elizabeth I’s support of the Netherlands • Personal revenge • Pope joins the fight • Two points of attack • 150 ships meet outside Lisbon to conquer English navy (May, 1588) • Invade England through the English Channel (July 1588) • Problems arise • Philip II is extremely sick • Ottoman Turks threaten to invade

  15. July 1588: Spanish Armada meets Elizabeth I’s Navy in the Channel • Decisive victory – Armada is defeated • Signals an end to Philip II’s Empire • Cannot ally with Ireland • Lost 70 naval ships • Military power now lies with England

  16. 5. Revolts in the Netherlands • Dutch locals resented high taxes and the Inquisition • William of Orange • Union of Utrecht, 1581

  17. Help from abroad • Italy • England • Peace declared, 1609 • Effects on Spain

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