1 / 14

The Greeks

The Greeks. Geography Mountainous, rocky soil, dry climate Coastal – several deep/navigable harbors Meant that 1. Greeks would never unite into one nation 2. Group of independent city-states ( polis) 3. Economy based on trade by sea ( maritime) rather than farming.

brianpierce
Télécharger la présentation

The Greeks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Greeks • Geography • Mountainous, rocky soil, dry climate • Coastal – several deep/navigable harbors • Meant that 1. Greeks would never unite into one nation 2. Group of independent city-states (polis) 3. Economy based on trade by sea (maritime) rather than farming

  2. Athens vs. Sparta:A Tale of Two City-States • AthensSparta 1. coastal 1. agricultural 2. colonized to in- 2. conquered others crease food supply & enslaved 3. emphasized know- 3. emphasized strict ledge, culture, art, & discipline/military education 4. first to develop 4. monarchial form of democracy govt.

  3. Greek Culture • Religion • Polytheistic/ Anthropomorphic • Mt. Olympus (Zeus, Hera, Athena, etc) • Mythology • Architecture • Classical (balanced, simple geometric forms, domes, arches, columns, elegance)

  4. Contributions • Government – direct democracy • Virtue of citizenship  responsibilities • Philosophy • Love of Wisdom • Big 3 – 1. Socrates (“Know Thyself”) 2. Plato (The Republic) – pol. Science 3. Aristotle (scientific method/ system of classification)

  5. Contributions • Theatre • First to present plays (tragedies/comedies) • Used to socially instruct • Olympics • Games to honor Zeus • Athletes as heroes to Greeks • Language • Prefixes (geo-, philo-, demo-, astro-, etc.) • Suffixes (-cracy, -ology, -graphy, etc.)

  6. Ancient Greece

  7. The Romans • Geography • Mountainous (in areas) but very fertile valleys • Coast is treacherous with few good harbors • Meant that 1. Romans were farmers 2. Would eventually unite as one people • Early Government • Monarchy  Republic • Republic would last approx. 500 yrs.

  8. Conquerors of the Mediterranean • United all Rome, then united whole Italian peninsula • Conquered its neighbors • Spain, Gaul (France), Britanny (England), Germany, Egypt, and Carthage (No. Africa) • The Punic Wars – Rome vs. Carthage • By 200 B.C., Rome is master of Med. Sea area

  9. Rome – The Empire • First 5 Emperors – “Good Emperors” • Empire greatly expanded its borders • Government was efficient and just • Benefits to all citizens 1. system of roads to connect empire together 2. unified system of law for all 3. sound economy (coinage of money, manufacturing, & agriculture) 4. Kept peace & order (Pax Romana) 5. Civic welfare (museums, libraries, educ.)

  10. Fall of Rome • Government Instability • Assassinations – no definite method of succession established • Weak leadership – Emperors known for their insanity, immorality, and greediness • Economic troubles • Small independent farmers driven from their land – forced into the cities • Became part of the “mob” – homeless/jobless

  11. Fall of Rome • Economic Troubles • Government develops welfare state to avoid revolt (“Bread & Circuses”) • Lack of manufacturing due to high inflation • Borders to hard to maintain – trade declines • Outside Invasions • Germanic tribes (in north) envied Rome’s wealth and advantages • Began attacking on the frontiers/ sacked Rome – 476 AD

  12. Contributions • Government – Republic • Makes democracy possible for large pop. • Rule of Law • Twelve Tables – all laws written down to protect the rights of lower classes (Plebeians) • Roman Senate worked to pass laws with Emperor • Engineering – roads, aqueducts, concrete, domes, classical architecture

  13. Contributions • Religion • Adopted Greek deities at first, but renamed • Later adopted Christianity as official religion of the Empire (approx. 300 AD) Conclusion The Western world (Europe/Americas) is built upon the ideas, knowledge, & practices of the Classical Civilizations of Greece & Rome.

  14. Ancient Rome

More Related