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Warm-Up 11/15/10

Warm-Up 11/15/10. LIST the Phases of the Cell Cycle. Which Phase of the CELL CYCLE includes Prophase, Telophase, Anaphase, Metaphase? Put the Above-mentioned Phases in the correct Chronological Order. Warm-Up 11/16/10. Which organism has larger cells?

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Warm-Up 11/15/10

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  1. Warm-Up 11/15/10 • LIST the Phases of the Cell Cycle. • Which Phase of the CELL CYCLE includes Prophase, Telophase, Anaphase, Metaphase? • Put the Above-mentioned Phases in the correct Chronological Order.

  2. Warm-Up 11/16/10 • Which organism has larger cells? • How does Size & Shape Affect how efficient a Cell is?

  3. Warm-Up 11/16/10 • Identify the formula for the following: • Surface Area • Volume What are the metric units associated with each measurement?

  4. Identify the formula for the following: • Surface Area • SA of Rectangle = 2(lw + lh + wh) • Volume of Rectangle = L x W x H

  5. What are the metric units associated with each measurement? • SA Ex: 2 [(2m x 2m) + (2m X 2m) + (2m x 2m)] = 24m2 • Volume Ex: 2m x 2m x 2m = 8m3

  6. What is the ratio of SA to Volume in the following example? • SA Ex: 2 [(2m x 2m) + (2m X 2m) + (2m x 2m)] = 24m2 • Volume Ex: 2m x 2m x 2m = 8m3 • SA / Vol = 24m2 / 8m3 = 3 / 1

  7. Warm-Up 11/17/10 • What is the purpose of the Cell Cycle? • What are the Phases of Mitosis in chronological order?

  8. Exit Ticket • Identify the differences between the Cell Cycle and Mitosis.

  9. Cell Growth and Reproduction Section 10.2 CSII-H

  10. Limits to cell growth • DNA – can only control the needs of a small cell • Cell Size - cell must have a low surface to volume ratio • Cell Division – when a cell gets too large to control or function efficiently, cell division takes place

  11. Cell Cycle • Growth • Nuclear division • Cytoplasmic division.

  12. Warm-up • What are the 4 phases of mitosis? • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  13. Interphase • G1 – growth phase –> cell gets bigger and develops. • S – synthesis phase –> DNA in nucleus is copied. • G2 – growth phase –> more growing and developing; produce more organelles, enzymes, centrioles are replicated, etc.

  14. Mitosis • Nuclear division • Yields 2 daughter nuclei that are genetically identical. • Used for Growth and Healing.

  15. Prophase • Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, 2 identical strands of DNA attached by a centromere. • Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. • Nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear. • Spindle starts to appear.

  16. Metaphase • Chromosomes line up on Metaphase Plate between the centrioles. • Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes at centromeres.

  17. Anaphase • Centromeres are pulled apart as spindle fibers contracts. • Chromatids (half of a chromosome) are pulled in opposite directions. • Chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.

  18. Telophase • Chromatids complete journey to the ends of the cell. • Chromatin is formed as DNA elongates. • Nuclear envelope forms around each set of DNA. • Spindle disappears • Nucleoli appear in each nucleus

  19. Cytokinesis • Cytoplasmic Division • Begins during anaphase • Furrow / ring starts to develop in the middle of the cell membrane

  20. Cytokinesis • In plants, you start to develop a cell plate • Ring contracts until it completely separates the two new nuclei and about ½ organelles into each new cell

  21. Control of the Cell Cycle • Cyclins (proteins) regulate cell growth • Internal regulators – only move to the next phase of the cell cycle when the previous phase is complete

  22. Control of the Cell Cycle • External regulators – if there is room, a cell divides; if neighboring cells are touching, cell growth is inhibited because space is scarce

  23. Cancer • Uncontrolled cell growth. • Tumors are cells that do not respond to cell regulators. • Results from a loss of regulation / control during the cell cycle.

  24. Apoptosis • Normal part of development for most cells in a multi-celled organism. • Special enzymes will break cells down.

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