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Introduction to Psychology

Introduction to Psychology. Chapter 1 Talbot. What is Psychology?. The ________________ study of __________ & ____________processes. Science implies ___________. Scientific observation Research method Behavior Mental Processes. Psychology’s Goals. Describe – name or classify

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Introduction to Psychology

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  1. Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1 Talbot

  2. What is Psychology? • The ________________ study of __________ & ____________processes. • Science implies ___________. • Scientific observation • Research method • Behavior • Mental Processes

  3. Psychology’s Goals • Describe – name or classify • Understand – Why? • Predict – forecast behavior • Control – alter conditions that influence behavior

  4. History (as a field of study) • Outgrowth of ____________. • As a science started around 1879. • Willhelm Wundt • Structuralism • Functionalism • Behaviorism • Gestalt • Psychodynamic • Humanistic • Cognitive

  5. Psychology as a Profession • Psychologist v. Psychiatrist • Psychologist • Psychiatrist • Counselor & Social Worker • BEWARE of the “clinician”.

  6. Professional issues • APA – American Psychological Association • State and Federal Licensing Boards • Ethics/ Ethical guidelines • Levels of training and competency • Respect for dignity, privacy, confidentiality (HIPAA). • Protection from harm.

  7. Scientific Method • Observation • Define the problem (Operationally define) • Reliability • Validity • Propose a hypothesis • Gather evidence • Publish results • Theory build

  8. How do we gather the data? • Survey • Case study/ Clinical method • Naturalistic Observation • Hawthorne effect, Observer Bias, • Correlational Observation • Three possibilities • Correlational Coefficients • Experimental method – Cause and Effect • Independent Variable Dependent Variable • Experimenter effect • Control • Placebo effect • Random Sampling

  9. Ethics in research • Do no harm • Describe risks • Ensure participation is voluntary • Minimize discomfort • Maintain confidentiality • Use deception only when necessary • Debrief • Provide results • Treat with dignity and respect

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