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Solubility

Solubility. The ability of an ionic compound to dissolve in water. A soluble compound disappears when mixed with water (aqueous) Mixing kool-aid with water is soluble An insoluble compound can still be seen when mixed with water Mixing sand with water is insoluble.

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Solubility

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  1. Solubility • The ability of an ionic compound to dissolve in water. • A soluble compound disappears when mixed with water (aqueous) • Mixing kool-aid with water is soluble • An insoluble compound can still be seen when mixed with water • Mixing sand with water is insoluble

  2. DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS (PRECIPITATION) • two compounds exchange positive ions. AB + XY  AY + XB • Both reactants are ionic compounds in aqueous solution (aq). NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 PbCl2 + NaNO3 • The Na and Pb switch places

  3. DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS (PRECIPITATION) NaCl(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq)  PbCl2(s) + NaNO3(aq) • For a double replacement reaction to occur, the reactants must be aqueous and at least one product needs to be a solid, liquid, or gas • A solid (precipitate) is formed when a product is insoluble. • A gas bubbles out of solution. • A molecular compound (such as water) is formed.

  4. DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS (PRECIPITATION) NaCl(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq)  PbCl2(s) + NaNO3(aq) • How do we know if a compound is aq, s, l, g? • We look it up on the periodic table or solubility table • Ionic compounds -- look up negative ion on solubility table • Soluble on table – aqueous • Insoluble on table – solid • Molecular compounds – generally liquid, like water

  5. Ca(NO3)2 AgBr MgI2 AgClO3 Cu(C2H3O2)2 BaSO4 Label (s) or (aq):

  6. Li2CO3 CuCO3 (NH4)2CrO4 Zn3(PO4)2 PbSO3 KSO3 CaS Ca(OH)2 Label (s) or (aq):

  7. ACID/BASE NEUTRALIZATION • reactions between a strong acid and a strong base to produce a salt and water. • NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O

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