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The Binet Scales

The Binet Scales. The Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition (1986). Probably the most radically changed version of the Stanford-Binet since its inception Prior to the 1986 SBIV, the Stanford-Binet produced only one score

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The Binet Scales

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  1. The Binet Scales

  2. The Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition (1986) • Probably the most radically changed version of the Stanford-Binet since its inception • Prior to the 1986 SBIV, the Stanford-Binet produced only one score • Different kinds of items were used for different age levels; more difficult items were used for higher age levels • In the 1986 SBIV, items with the same kind of content were placed together into 15 separate subtests; allowed for calculation of total IQ, as well as scores for things such as verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and short-term memory

  3. Problems with the SBIV • It was a “beast” • Very difficult to administer & score • although entire scale contained 15 tests, no one individual took all the tests, because some were suitable only within limited age ranges • in general, complete battery includes from 8 to 13 tests, depending on test taker’s age and performance on vocabulary test • survey of school psychologists – rated ease of administration, interpretation, usefulness – rated SBIV lowest of four most popular tests

  4. The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fifth Edition (SBV) • Took over 7 years to develop • Released in spring of 2003 • Contains 10 subtests

  5. Underlying Theory • SB5 based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of intellectual abilities, which assumed a hierarchical cognitive model of intellectual functioning • SB5 constructed on a 5-factor model; these 5 factors considered the most important in intellectual functioning

  6. Hierarchical Structure of SB5 Scoring System

  7. Five Factors

  8. Non-Verbal & Verbal Subtests • Each of the five cognitive factors is measured by a non-verbal subtest & a verbal subtest

  9. Administration of Test • Takes approximately 1 hour to administer • Begins with the “Object Series/Matrices” subtest, used to assess non-verbal fluid reasoning • This subtest is also used as a “routing” test; the score on this test determines where the examiner begins testing on the remaining non-verbal subtests • Has 36 items; uses coloured plastic shapes, toys, blocks, then matrices • Examiner begins at “the estimated ability level of the examinee (usually the chronological age of the person)”

  10. Next subtest administered is the Vocabulary subtest, used to assess Verbal Knowledge • This subtest is used as a routing test for all of the remaining verbal subtests • Starts with an identification of facial features, then toys, then pictures, then word definitions

  11. Adaptive Testing • Stanford-Binet has always been an “adaptive” test • Individual responds to only that part of the test that is appropriate for his or her developmental level • E.g., a young child is not given difficult problems that would only lead to frustration; similarly, an older examinee is not bored with questions that are too easy • Each subtest starts with very easy items & progresses to items that are more difficult • Routing tests assist examiner to begin each subtest at an appropriate level of difficulty for examinee

  12. All of the test items for the SB5 are contained in 3 item books • Item Book 1 contains the first two (routing) subtests • After the second subtest has been administered, the examiner has recorded estimated ability scores designed to identify an appropriate start point in Item Books 2 & 3

  13. Examiner administers the next four nonverbal subtests of an appropriate level determined from Book 2 • Examiner starts at appropriate start point, & if examinee answers items correctly, this is assumed to be the “basal level” of ability • Continues until examinee answers incorrectly for a certain number of items (this is the examinee’s “ceiling level” for that subtest)

  14. Examiner then administers the final four verbal subtests from Item Book 3, starting at appropriate level determined from routing vocabulary test

  15. The Tasks

  16. Scoring • Points are summed for each of the subtests & converted to a “scaled score” • Scaled subtest scores have a mean of 10 & a standard deviation of 3 • Scores can also be computed for nonverbal IQ, verbal IQ, full-scale IQ and each of the five factors (fluid reasoning, knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing, working memory) • These “standard scores” have a mean of 100 & a standard deviation of 15

  17. Psychometric Properties of SB5 • Suitable for age range of 2 to 85+ years of age • Range of possible scores runs from a low of 40 to a high of 160 • Reliability coefficients are as follows: • Full scale IQ - .98 • Nonverbal & verbal - .95 to .96 • Factor scores - .90 to .92 • Test-retest reliabilities range from high .7’s to low .9’s depending on age & testing interval

  18. Reliability of SB5

  19. IQ Categories

  20. Case Study:Noor • 16 years 10 months old • Native of Pakistan who immigrated to the United States two years ago with her parents • Both parents are college-educated • Noor spoke English in the testing session, but speaks her native language, Urdu, at home with her parents • She is enrolled in an ESL program in her high school, where she receives 4 hours per week of language instruction

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