Russia

1. Russia Davis Wonojvich, Richie Goulazian, & Megan Kownurko

2. IVAN I (1328-1341) • Tax Collector for Mongols during Mongol rule of Moscow. • Such a good tax collector he became known as Ivan Moneybags. • Originally Prince of Moscow later became grand prince of Vladimir • Allied with the the Russian Orthodox Church when it moved to moscow

3. IVAN III 1440-1505 • Reigned from 1472-1505 • Was the first king to call himself a czar(emperor) • a massive wall around the Kremlin in the middle of the city • The wall was 60 feet high and 15 feet thick • Inside of the wall he put himself a palace, a palace for the head of the Russian church, and also three great churches • Started to make Russia a new and aggressive empire • Russian Empire tripled under his rule • First czar that united a Russian nation • Was also called Ivan the great, because he was well liked

4. IVAN IV 1530-1584 • He was known as Ivan the Terrible • Came to the throne at age 3 • In 1547 he officially gained power as a czar • Married a woman related to an old boyar family named Anastasia in 1547 • 1547 - 1560 were called Ivan’s good period when he had numerous victories and ruled justly • Ivan won many battles against the Mongols • Gave Russia a code of laws in 1550 • Gained access to the Baltic Sea to improve trade between Russia and Europe • In 1560 Anastasia, his wife, died and started the bad period of his rule • Made a police force called oprichniki who hunted down and murdered boyars • In 1581 he killed his heir and older son and Russia was left with an unintelligent heir when Ivan died in 1584

5. Religion Present • Russia’s population is now 75% Orthodox Christians • 5% are Islamic • 1% are Protestant • 1% are Jewish • 1% are Buddist • 1% are Catholic • The rest are other religions/ No religion Past • Russia’s primary religion was Christianity in the Middle ages. • Russia has was converted to Christianity after Prince Vladimir was Baptised.

6. Government and Politics Present Current Leader: Vladimir Putin Adopted Communism under Nicholas II, because of the strain of World War I Run by the Prime Minister of Russia, with a President Russian Federation emerged in 1991 Currently 1993 Constitution of Russia Current Leader is planning to revive the Soviet Union Past Leaders: Ivan I, Ivan III, Ivan IV Ruled by mongols until around 1460 Empire was lead by a czar Code of law called the Sudebnik of 1550 made by Ivan IV

7. Economy Present • It is labeled as a high income enconomy • It is labeled as a developed country by the World Bank • Has an abundance of timber, precious metals, and fossil feuls such as coal, oil, and natural gas Past • Russia underwent wide-ranging reforms including privatization and market and trade liberalization • Had much trouble as it moved from a centrally planned economy to a free market economy

8. Technology Past • Ivan the Great helped Russia catch up with the other countries in advanced technology, but when he died, Russia fell behind again • Kokoshnik- traditional Russian headdress for women • Kvass or kvas- a fermented beverage made from black rye, has a low alcohol percentage • Gudok- east Slavic String instument Present • Radio- Alexander Popov invented the Radio • Helicopter- Igor Sikorsky invented the helicopter • Synthetic Rubber- The Chemist, Sergei Lebedev, invented it • Grain harvester- Andrei Vlasenko invented the 1st grain harvester • All of these inventions benefitted not only Russia, but also benefitted America

9. Important Events Past • First book printed in Russia 1553 - 1554 • 1762 Austria, Prussia, and Russia divided Poland amongst themselves • 1853 The Crimean War started between Russia and the Ottoman empire • 1867 Russia sold Alaska to The United States Present • 1914 World War I began and Russia fought the Germans and Austrians • 1917 Revolutionaries overthrew the Russian government • 1929 Stalin became dictator of the USSR • 1939 German troops invaded Poland, starting World War II and Russia occupied Poland • 1991 Soviet Union becomes and independent federation

10. Notable People Past • Rurik the first ruler of Russia • Alexander I created chaos at his death that enabled 3,000 Russian soldiers to demand reformations • Simeon continued the policies of his father, Ivan I • False Dmitriy I the first imposter during the Time of Troubles Present • Vladimir Putin the second president of Russia from 2000 - 2008 and again since 2012 • Felix Dzerzhinsky founder of the Cheka, a secret police force • Yakov Sverdlov the first rightful leader of the Russian SFSR

11. Russia’s Border and Allies Past • Kievan Rus (11th Century) Was the first East Slavic state and was large compared to the European states • Principate of Moscow(1462 - 1533) Ivan III began to unify all of the provinces that were culturally Russian • Tsardom of Russia (1533 - 1584) Conquest of Tartary and Siberia and transformation of Russia into a multiethnic state Present • Imperial Russia (1721 - 1921) Russia’s territory spread East to the Pacific, into Ukraine, and began to push into Central Asia • Imperial Russia (Mid 19th Century) Moscow sold Alaska to the US and compromised with the British and created Afghanistan • USSR (1922 - 1991) Annexations of the Baltic states, eastern Poland, Bessarabia, and others

12. Decline of Kings Past • Stayed very much a monarchy until Tsar Nicholas II switched to communism during World War I Present • Despite keeping largely the same role as Tsars, the name was changed to imperator, but Tsar was still widely used (Tsar comes from the Latin word Caesar meaning emperor) • Currently a republic with a president, but most elections are rigged • Current leader, Vladimir Putin, Plans to switch back to a communist state.

13. Legacies and New Ideas Past • Czar- The Russian version of emperor • Additions on Cathedrals, such as union domes • The Cyrillic alphabet • The Early Russian Language Present • Although Russians have claimed they made many technological advancements in the past, such as the light bulb and the steam engine, Russia has not made many technological advancements today • VAC- a healing machine that uses Vacuum Assisted Closure that closes wounds • Hypergolic propellant- a mixture of gasses good for blasting off rockets

14. Current Event This document outlines Russia's proposed ban of Twitter. Although temporary at the moment Russian officials say that Twitter will enevitibly be banned because it is a large source of alternative news that could undermine Russia's authority. This ban may have been caused because of some of its I formation being considered extremist, or because Vladimr Putin is currently trying to eliminate opposing public opinions. Putins goal of the elimination of public speech is also seen I. his new blogger law. that states that all popular bloggers must register with the government. Other government officials are being targeted for using social media like Maxim Ksenzov. but this is all just leading the reader's attention to the inevitable question of what this is leading to? This article ties directly into Peace an Security. This report brings up many political debates like freedom of speech and freedom of information. the article details how Russia tried to limit freedom of speerch for governmental needs. This current situation parralells much with history. russia wishes to restore the Soviet Union but unlike in history, the people are aware of its cons. in all historical conquests there was never Twitter. the peasants had no idea what the opposing side thought. this made it easy to take up arms and fight them. If the people of Rome saw the words of suffering of the Carthaginians, the government would not have been so supported by the people. Russia needs to limit the oppositions voices in their country. by restricting Twitter they are emulating the situation that the roman people were in. to do this the Russian government has to act the part of the inquisition and eliminate other ideas. this also create a parallel between the church and the Russian government. excommunicating the heridical press. this article has strong ties to class. This article is very enlightening in both a historical and current view. when looking at it with a modern perspective we can see how freedom of speech is important and how much power a government can have. however, when we look back we can see the many parallels and similarities this holds to history.

15. Current Event Link http://m.washingtonpost.com/world/russia-telecoms-watchdog-warns-of-possible-twitter-ban/2014/05/16/a8c8bf98-77db-4bbb-8efe-d25a75de84ad_story.html