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A total of 301 patients were enrolled in the study, with 12 excluded due to PEEP levels below 5 cmH2O, except those requiring airway pressure release ventilation. Among the excluded patients, there were 47 with mild ARDS and 35 with respiratory insufficiency secondary to sepsis without elevated EVLWi. Other exclusions included unclassified cases (8), pneumonia-related atelectasis (5), trauma phase with lung injuries (3), non-acute onset (2), near drowning (1), COPD (1), and post-lung resection (1). Of the enrolled, 207 experienced ALI/ARDS, including varying degrees of severity.
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301 patients enrolled 12 excluded patients with PEEP <5 cmH2O except for those requiring airway pressure release ventilation 47 mild ARDS 35 excluded ●14, respiratory insufficiency secondary to sepsis without elevation of EVLWi to >10 mL/kg ●8, unclassified by expert decision ●5, atelectasis and consolidation due to pneumonia ●3, acute phase of trauma with lung contusion/burn ●2, non-acute onset ●1, near drowning ●1, combined with COPD ●1, after lung resection 207 ALI/ARDS 82 moderate ARDS 66 severe ARDS 26 cardiogenic edema 33 pleural effusion with atelectasis