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The Civil Rights Movement: Struggles, Triumphs, and Lasting Legacy

Explore the pivotal events and figures that shaped the Civil Rights Movement in the United States from the landmark Plessy v. Ferguson case in 1896, with its "separate but equal" doctrine, to the transformative Civil Rights Acts of the 1960s. Key moments include the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Martin Luther King Jr.'s nonviolent resistance, and the Selma March leading to the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This era highlights the fight against segregation, systemic racism, and the continuous struggle for equality, ultimately leaving a profound impact on American society.

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The Civil Rights Movement: Struggles, Triumphs, and Lasting Legacy

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  1. The Civil Rights Movement Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High

  2. 1896: Plessy v. Ferguson • “Separate but equal” • De facto segregation • 1909: Norris v. Alabama (juries) • New Deal coalition • WWII and Civil Rights (CORE) • 1954: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS • Southern Resistance Roots of a Movement

  3. 1955: Rosa Parks & NAACP • Montgomery Bus Boycott • Religion & Civil Rights—MLK Jr. • Nonviolent Passive Resistance • Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) The Civil Rights Movement Begins

  4. Preferred desegregation by Act of Congress or Executive Order, not courts • Desegregates military work spaces • Sends U.S. Army troops to South to protect African-Americans • The Little Rock Nine • Civil Rights Act of 1957 (voting) • The Sit In Movement Ike & Civil Rights

  5. The Freedom Riders • Kennedy compromises w/ Mississippi • ICC tightens regulation of segregated bus depots • RFK’s Justice Dept. sues Southern cities for seg. • JFK appoints many African-Amers. to gov. jobs • MLK’s Birmingham March • MLK arrested, “Letter from Birmingham Jail” • Demonstrations spread • KKK bombs 16th St. Baptist Church in Birmingham JFK & Civil Rights

  6. 1963: March on Washington “I have a dream” • LBJ continues fight to pass Civil Rights Act • Senate threatens filibuster—cloture vote • Ends segregation in public facilities • Equal access to public accommodations for all races • Creates Equal Employment Opportunity Comm. • Forced end of segregation in private work place • Increased US Attorney General’s power to sue • Selma March—Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Civil Rights Act of 1964

  7. Inequality, crime, poverty, lack of education plague urban African-Amer. pop • The Watts Riot • The Kerner Commission on Civil Disorders • MLK fights for economic equality • Black Power movement • Malcolm X & the Nation of Islam • Separatism • Black Panthers • Assassination of MLK Civil Rights Issues, Turning Tide

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