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Beef Breed and Characteristics

Beef Breed and Characteristics. Original Power Point Created by Casey Osksa Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002. What is a Breed ?. a group of animals that have certain traits in common color size body structure place of origin horned or polled.

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Beef Breed and Characteristics

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  1. Beef Breed and Characteristics Original Power Point Created by Casey Osksa Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002

  2. What is a Breed? • a group of animals that have certain traits in common • color • size • body structure • place of origin • horned or polled

  3. What is a Purebred? • animals of known ancestry where all parents etc. are of the same breed • Breed associations register purebred animals, develop markets for those animals, and organize breed shows

  4. What is Crossbreeding? • mating animals of the same species, but different breeds • Angus mated to Hereford • crossbreed to achieve desired animal traits

  5. Texas Longhorn

  6. What are the English Beef Breeds? • Hereford - Red & white, horned or polled • most popular in the U.S. • Angus - bred to compete with Hereford • smaller cows and calves • excellent conformation (body type) • mature lighter • resistant to pinkeye & cancer eye (due to black) • Shorthorn - dual purpose breed (meat/milk)

  7. Hereford

  8. Polled Hereford

  9. Angus

  10. Shorthorn

  11. Other Beef Breeds • Brahman - from France • hot & humid climates • disease resistant • Charolais - large & long body, fast growth • used to increase size of English breeds • increasing in popularity due to low marbling • Santa Gertrudis - 3/8 Brahman & 5/8 shorthorn • popular in southern U.S. • Brangus - 3/8 Brahman & 5/8 Angus

  12. Brahman

  13. Charolais

  14. Santa Gertrudis

  15. Brangus

  16. What are Exotics? • animals not common to U.S. • used for increasing calf weights • importation laws restrict bringing exotics into the U.S.

  17. Beefalo

  18. Beefmaster

  19. Belgian Blue

  20. Belted Galloway

  21. Blonde d’Aquintaine

  22. Chianina

  23. Devon

  24. Galloway

  25. Gelbvieh

  26. Highland

  27. Limousin

  28. Maine Anjou

  29. Murray Grey

  30. Piedmontese

  31. Pinzgaur

  32. Salers

  33. Simmental

  34. South Devon

  35. Tarentaise

  36. Beef Production • Cow-Calf Production: own cows, sell weaner calves • Stocker: buy weaner calves, sell yearlings • Feedlot Finishing: buy calves, fatten, sell to slaughter house

  37. Beef Production • Cow-Calf: most common need range land calve in spring, sell calves in fall feed 2# roughages per 100# of cow weight in winter (extra for cold weather) supplement with needed proteins, minerals, vitamins feed best hay to those that need it the most (pregnant, lactating, heifers) lots of clean water & free choice salt

  38. Feedlot Finishing • place calves in feedlot 500-700# • feed high concentrates (grain) 2-4 months • slaughter at 1000-1200#

  39. Beef Terminology • A Mature Male is called a: Bull • A Mature Female is called a: Cow • The act of Giving Birth is called: Calving • Gestation = 283 days • A Castrated Male is called a: Steer • An Immature Female is called a: Heifer

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