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FRESHWATER INSECTS & PARASITES BY: GARY BATES

FRESHWATER INSECTS & PARASITES BY: GARY BATES. Gary Bates MS Agriculture with emphasis on Range/Wildlife Management Born & Raised in San Angelo, Texas Graduate of Angelo State University- BS in 2005. Not Taken Biology Course Since 1997 First ever course in aquatics

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FRESHWATER INSECTS & PARASITES BY: GARY BATES

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  1. FRESHWATER INSECTS & PARASITES BY: GARY BATES

  2. Gary Bates MS Agriculture with emphasis on Range/Wildlife Management Born & Raised in San Angelo, Texas Graduate of Angelo State University- BS in 2005 Not Taken Biology Course Since 1997 First ever course in aquatics Interested in freshwater habitats for sustained rangeland production Continue on at PhD in Range Science/ grazing behavior & management Freshwater Insects & Parasites

  3. Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Anthropoda Some parasites discussed will be from other kingdoms & phylums Anthropoda Classes Arachnida-spiders, ticks,scorpions Crustacea- crawdads Diplopoda- millipede Chilopoda- centipede Insecta (Hexapoda) largest class in the world!!!!!!!!! NOMENCLATURE

  4. ARACHNIDA CHARACTERISTICS Two segmented body chephalothorax & head absent antennae legs- eight pair pedipalps- sensory organs for touch and smell Mouth- piercing, sucking, & chewing Can be terrestrial or aquatic Can be herbaceous, predaceous, parasitic, or herbaceous

  5. ARACHNIDA Orders • Araneida- spiders • Acari- ticks, mites • Scopionida- scorpions • Phalangida- daddy-long legs • Salpugida- sunspiders

  6. Water Spider Argyronetaaquatica • Breathes with spiracles acts like a lung always on body- not head Plastron- thin film of gas where spiracles open

  7. Water Spider • Found in freshwater lakes & ponds • Carnivorous- water mites, mayfly numphs, etc… • Usually lives underwater but may live above the water • Unusual Fact- males larger than females • Danger from fish and frogs

  8. CLASS Insecta (Hexapoda) • Three body segments head,thorax,abdomen Antennae present Wings- 2 pair (not all) Legs- 3 pair (6-legs- hexapode) can be predaceous, scavengers, parasitic, or herbaceous many habitats (they are everywhere you look)

  9. Insects Orders • Coleoptera- beetles • Collembola – springtails • Diptera – flies, mosquitos • Ephemeroptera- mayflies • Hemiptera – true bugs • Hymenoptera – wasps,bees,ants • Lepidoptera- butterfly,moth • Megaloptera- dobsonfly, fishfly • Neuroptera- spongillaflies • Odonata- dragonflies, damselflies • Orthoptera- grasshoppers,crickets • Plecoptera- stoneflies

  10. Coleoptera Beetles • Three Aquatic Types - larve & adults all aquatic (water & diving beetles) - larve aquatic (leaf beetles,marsh beetles) - adults aquatic- (moss beetles,weevils

  11. Collembola springtails • Hydrophobic water surfece • Wingless • Feed on water surface-algae, fungi,etc…

  12. Dipteraflies,mosquitos • One pair membraneous wings • Larvae are wingless are live in aquatic,semi-aquatic, or moist habitats • Hind wings modified as halteres

  13. Ephemeroptera Mayfly • Hind wings modified as halteres • Immature- fresh flowing nonpolluted water • Naiads (immature stage of growth in water) • Air bubble to surface- fly away to nearby leaf • Adults do not feed • Males die shortly after mating / Females die after depositing eggs

  14. Hemiptera true bugs • X-wing pattern • Triangular pattern on back • Can live underwater or on the surface • Tubular proboscis at front of head • Antennae- segmented (5)

  15. Hymenoptera bees,wasps,ants • Aquatic insects are parasitic on other arthropodes • Bees/wasps-grublike • Sawflies-catepillar-like • “Wasp-Waist”

  16. Hymenoptera

  17. Lepidoptera moth/butterfly • 4-5 instars (periods between molts) before pupating in water • Adults- live about 2 weeks • Larvae damages crops and trees

  18. Megaloptera fish fly /dobson fly • Largest of aquatic insects • All larvae aquatic • Feed on other insects

  19. Neuropteraspongillaflies • Aquatic immature stage • Attracted to light- used as a fish bait • Found in flowing rivers and streams

  20. Odonata dragonfly • Eggs deposited on macrovegetation or in water • Damselfly- eggs inserted into stems • Dragonfly- eggs laid on surface of water or plants

  21. Dragonfly Vs Damselfly • Wings held horizontal at rest • Strong flyer • Eyes not projecting from head • Wings held vertically at rest • Weak Flyer • Eyes bulbous

  22. Damselfly

  23. Plecoptera stonefly • Naiads may take from 2-3 months to a year before becoming adult • Crawl out onto rock or vegetation to molt into adults • Weak flyers

  24. Parasites of Fish Gyrodactyliasis Skin Fluke

  25. Parasites of Fish Fish Lice Argulus • Very small crustacean (shield-shaped) • Can be deadly if enters into gills • Bite or sting with digestive enzymes to suck out the liquefied fish body matter

  26. Parasites of Fish Anchor worm Lernaeaa crustacean • Look like red or whitish-green worms • Egg sacks may be visible at end of worm • Presence of inflammed or red spots • May leave ulcer • Fish rubbing up against objects

  27. Conclusion • Introduction to aquatic entomology and some parasites • Large group to study with many areas and closely related organisms

  28. References • http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/spotid/index.html • http://masetto.esa.catchword.org/vl=5763171/cl=12/nw=1/rpsv/home.htm • http://lhs.lps.org/staff/sputnam/Ent801/Ento801.htm • http://insects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/ Dr. Keith has a website posted that has most of this material Use these websites for photos and terminology Peterson Field Guides: A Field Guide to Insects

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