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Path to Nuclear Disarmament: Promises and Prohibitions

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bwilkerson
17 diapositives · 208 Views · Jan 03, 2020

Explore the requirements for nuclear disarmament under the NPT, including treaties, stockpiling, development, production, transfers, and elimination phases. Learn about the state of national nuclear arsenals and the efforts to prohibit threats and use of nuclear weapons.

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  1. What is required for nuclear disarmament?

  2. A Promise to Negotiate Under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons or “NPT”, all states parties undertook in the very famous Article VI: “to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament,...

  3. Prohibit Testing Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963) Bans testing in the atmosphere, outer space and in the oceans. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) (1996) Bans underground testing of nuclear weapons. The CTBT is not ratified by several key states (U.S., China and India) . But a moratorium is now in place among nuclear weapons states stopping nuclear testing. But the CTBTO is operational!

  4. Prohibit Testing Testing of Delivery Systems - not prohibited by treaty.

  5. Prohibit Stockpiling • Russian stockpiles are being secured. • The American, French and British stockpiles have been decreased.

  6. Prohibit Development There is no prohibition now on research on nuclear weapons. But in Russia, thousands of former nuclear weapons researchers are being redeployed under the Global Partnership Program.

  7. Prohibit Production When we prohibit production, we will need to: • Put fissile materials under international inspection • Stop plutonium pit production • Stop production of warheads • Stop production of Fissile Materials under a Fissile Materials Cut-off Treaty.

  8. Prohibit Transfer THE BARGAIN in the NPT: In 1968, the 5 Nuclear Weapons States agreed not to transfer nuclear weapons to Non Nuclear Weapons States. In exchange, the Non Nuclear Weapons States were promised assistance with peaceful nuclear use (nuclear power). Have transfers of nuclear weapons technology occurred? As of 2010, there are 4 new nuclear armed states: India, Israel, Pakistan, North Korea.

  9. Eliminate Nuclear Weapons - Physically There will be phases for the physical elimination of nuclear weapons: • taking nuclear weapons off alert, Progress: • U.S. and Russia have 2,600 nuclear weapons on alert. • China’s are not on alert. • U.K. & France are on much lower alert status (days, not hours)

  10. Eliminate Nuclear Weapons - Physically • removing weapons from deployment, • removing nuclear warheads from their delivery vehicles, • disabling the warheads, • removing and disfiguring the “pits” and • placing the fissile material under international control.

  11. The Size of National Nuclear Arsenals

  12. Eliminate Nuclear Weapons - in security policies In the 2000 NPT Final Document, the States Parties agreed to a “diminishing role for nuclear weapons” in security policies. This is being considered in the current NATO policy review and the US Nuclear Posture Review.

  13. Prohibit Threat and Use The use of nuclear weapons could be prohibited through: • an amendment to the International Criminal Court Treaty and • national legislation.