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Mark E. Fuller Senior Principal Instructor Oracle University Oracle Corporation

Mark E. Fuller Senior Principal Instructor Oracle University Oracle Corporation. Oracle and Linux A Winning Combination - RAC and Linux. Oracle9 i Real Application Clusters. Database with instances on separate nodes Physical or logical access to each database file

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Mark E. Fuller Senior Principal Instructor Oracle University Oracle Corporation

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  1. Mark E. FullerSenior Principal Instructor Oracle University Oracle Corporation

  2. Oracle and LinuxA Winning Combination - RAC and Linux

  3. Oracle9i Real Application Clusters • Database with instances on separate nodes • Physical or logical access to each database file • Software controlled data access Nodes Database

  4. Why Implement RAC? • Enables systems to scale up by increasing throughput • Increases performance by speeding up database operations • Provides higher availability • Provides support for a greater number of users

  5. 20 1 0.01 Oracle9i RAC Cache Fusion Without Cache Fusion 100 Blockaccesstime(milli-seconds) WithCacheFusion Block inlocal cache Block inremote cache Blockon disk

  6. Why Choose Linux? • Enterprise-class offerings for mission critical systems • Open and cost-effective solution • Opportunity to reduce IT infrastructure costs • Oracle Corporation provides direct technical support of the operating system

  7. Linux RAC Architecture • Hardware • Intel-based hardware • External shared SCSI or Fiber Channel disks • Interconnect by using NIC • Operating system • Red Hat 7.1 and Red Hat 2.1 Advanced Server • SuSE 7.2 and SuSE SLES7 • UnitedLinux 1.0

  8. Linux RAC Architecture • Oracle software • Oracle Cluster File System • Oracle Cluster Management System • Oracle9i Enterprise database

  9. RAC on Linux Storage • Storage options for RAC on Linux: • Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS) • Raw devices named /dev/raw[1-255] • Up to 255 raw devices can be addressed. • The tool that is used to set up and query raw devices is raw. • Currently, Linux has no cluster file system. • SuSE has a Logical Volume Manager (LVM). • Red Hat has no LVM.

  10. Oracle Cluster File System • Is a shared file system that is designed specifically for Oracle RAC • Eliminates the need for database files to be linked to logical drives • Volumes can span one shared disk or multiple shared disks • Guarantees consistency of metadata across nodes in a cluster

  11. OCFS Features • Node-specific files and directories • Unique cluster name integrity • Allows a hardware cluster to be segregated into logical software clusters • Simplifies storage area network management • Automatic configuration of new nodes

  12. Cluster Management on Linux Oracle Cluster Management System (OCMS) • oracm maintains both node status view and Oracle instance status view. • The hangcheck thread driver monitors oracm and reconciles with the hangcheck-timer at defined intervals. • The timer resets the node if a new thread is not started within a specified time. Oracle instance oracm Hangcheck thread driver User mode Kernel mode Hangcheck-timer

  13. Oracle Cluster Management System • OCMS consist of: • Cluster Monitor (CM) • Node Monitor (NM) • Hangcheck-timer Module • Binaries are located in: • $ORACLE_HOME/ocms/bin • Configuration files located in: • $ORACLE_HOME/oracm/admin/cmcfg.ora • $ORACLE_HOME/oracm/admin/ocmargs.ora

  14. The Hangcheck Timer • Replaces the watchdog daemon in Oracle 9.2.0.2 • Is loaded as a kernel module • Is specified by the KernelModuleName parameter in the CMCFG.ORA file • Already included in the Linux 2.5 Kernel

  15. The Node Monitor (NM) • Maintains a consistent view of the cluster, and reports the node status to the cluster manager • Uses a heartbeat mechanism • Works with hangcheck-timer and acts depending on the type of failure • Is integrated into the cluster monitor process, oracm, in Oracle 9.2.0.2

  16. The Cluster Monitor (CM) • Maintains the process-level cluster status. • Accepts registration of Oracle instances to the cluster and provides a consistent view of Oracle instances. • When an Oracle process that writes to the shared disk quits abnormally, the CM on the node detects it and takes appropriate action.

  17. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Build hardware cluster and interconnect • Install Linux • Remove IBMJava2 Package • Add pdksh and ssh packages • Prepare Operating System for OCFS,OCMS • Kernel Parameters • Create oracle account and dba group • Create $ORACLE_HOME and /var/opt/oracle directories • Adjust login profile script for oracle account

  18. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Download and install the following • http://otn.oracle.com/tech/linux/content.html • ocfs-support-1.0-1.i686.rpm • ocfs-tools-1.0-1.i686.rpm • ocfs-2.4.9-3typeversion.rpm • Start ocfstool gui and generate configuration • Create mount point for shared disk • Use fdisk to partition the shared disk • Start ocfstool gui and format shared disk from 1 node only

  19. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Load ocfs module and mount shared volume • Use runInstaller to install OCMS 9.2.0.1 • Accept default watchdog parameter • It will be disabled later • Download and install the hangcheck module • http://otn.oracle.com/tech/linux/content.html • Hangcheck-timer-2.4.9-e.3-0.4.0-2.i686.rpm • Disable watchdog daemon from system startup

  20. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Update OCMS 9.2.0.1 to 9.2.0.2 with runInstaller • Automate OCFS and OCMS commands to load and execute on system startup • Setup rlogin and rsh facilities so the Universal installer can complete work on both nodes

  21. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Use runInstaller to install the Oracle 9.2.0.1 RDBMS • Select Custom install • Select Oracle9i Real Application Clusters option • Select ‘The management server will use an existing repository’ • Prevents installer from creating OMS repository now • Choose not to create a database at this time • Cancel Enterprise Manager configuration

  22. RAC/Linux Installation Outline • Update RDBMS 9.2.0.1 to 9.2.0.2 with runInstaller • Start gsd daemon with gsdctl utility • Run DBCA to create cluster database • Gsd must be running to succeed

  23. Oracle University Related Offerings • Managing Oracle on Linux ( 3 days ILT ) • Oracle9i Real Application Clusters ( 3 days ILT ) • Oracle9i Database: Real Application Clusters on Linux ( 2 days ILT )

  24. Services Framework Cluster Control/Recovery Messaging and Locking Connectivity Oracle Database 10G RAC -Complete, Integrated Clusterware • Complete Oracle cluster software solution • Single-vendor support • Low Cost • No need to purchase additional software • Easy to install, manage • High quality and functionality across all platforms • Common event and management API’s • Multi-tier HA & minimal MTTR • Support for third-party clusterware

  25. Oracle Database 10G RAC -Automatic Server Provisioning • Push-button add/drop server to cluster • Hands-free allocation and re-allocation of servers to services • Automatic routing of service requests to appropriate server with lowest load • On server failure, automatic re-allocation of surviving servers to services • Works across all platforms

  26. Q & Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S A

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