Islam

1. Islam 3rd Block Social Science

2. Class Agenda Today we are going to: Practice taking notes Learn new vocabulary words

3. Look for vocabulary in the slides! Directions: When you see a new vocabulary word,raise your hand. We will discuss what we think it means with a partner. Record your guesses and the correct definition with a partner Each person needs his/her own paper

4. Vocabulary Review • Trinity • Eternal • Soul • Sins • Crucified • Blasphemy • Resurrection • Ascension • Messiah • Bible • Orthodox • Protestant • Reformation • Denominations • Catholic • Pope • Disciples • Cathedral • Church

5. New Vocabulary Allah Niyyah Qu’ran Hadith Muslim Meditate Mosque Caliph Imam Ayatollah Sunnites Shiites Hajj Ramadan Kaaba

6. Quick Facts Muslims believe in only one God, called Allah. The holy book is the Qu’ran The Muslim calendar starts at 622 C.E. This is when Muhammad moved to Medina. There are 1.2 billion Muslims in the world Can you name 5 regions with the highest Muslim populations?Take 5 minutes to discuss with a partner. Here is a map to help you.

7. Map

8. Answers Middle East North Africa United States – 5 million England – 1.5 million Australia – 220,000 Can you point on the map where these places are located?

9. Map

10. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the prophet in Islam. He was born in Saudi Arabia in 570 C.E. He was wealthy, but saw bad things happening to people and was sad. One day he meditated and received a message from the angel Gabriel (Jibril, in Arabic). That message is part of the Qu’ran. In what other religion did the angel Gabriel deliver a message, and to who? What was the message?Take 5 minutes to discuss with a partner. Here is a map to help you.

11. Answer The angel Gabriel delivered a message to the Virgin Mary, telling her that soon she would give birth to Jesus, who is the prophet in Christianity.

12. Prophet Two years later, Muhammad started teaching people how to be good and to not worship idols or to make sacrifices (killing animals) to make God happy. He taught the idea of niyyah, or choosing the right thing to do and to also believe in Allah. His teachings are called Hadiths. It means “traditions”.

13. 5 Pillars There are 5 things Muslims believe. They are called pillars. The first is Shahadah, or saying you believe in Allah. The second is Salat, pr raying 5 times every day. The third is Zakat, or giving to charity. The fourth is Sawm, or fasting. They fast during Ramadan. The fifth is Hajj, or travelling to Mecca. These are similar to what list of rules in Judaism and Christianity?

14. Answer The 10 Commandments

15. Holy Book The Holy Book of Islam is called the Qu’ran. What are the holy books of other religions called? What religions do they belong to? Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

16. Answer Hinduism - Vedas Judaism – Torah Christianity - Bible

17. Leaders • When Muhammad died, he did not leave a leader for the religion. • People were elected to be leaders of Islam, called caliphs. • Here are the names of some of the most famous caliphs after Muhammad’s death: • Omar • Uthman • Ali (Muhammad’s son-in-law) • Muawiya

18. Leaders Imams are religious leaders in Islam today. Some people think they have special knowledge given to them by God. Other leaders are called ayatollahs. They are models for how Muslims should act. What are the names of religious leaders in other religions? Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

19. Answer Priests – Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity Pastor - Protestantism

20. Places – Mecca Muslims on hajj Muhammad was born in Mecca and returned later in life. Once in their life, Muslims are supposed to travel to Mecca to ask for forgiveness from God. The journey is called hajj.

21. Mecca

22. Kaaba Muslims on hajj at the Kaaba in Mecca. The Kaaba(the point of adoration) is in Mecca. Muslims all over the world direct their prayers towards the Kaaba.

23. Medina Medina is in Saudi Arabia. Muhammad made a famous and dangerous journey to Medina to start teaching. People wanted to kill him because they thought he spoke blasphemy against God.

24. Prayer Fajr Sunrise DhuhrAsrMaghribIsha 6:12 7:25 1:20 4:40 7:15 8:28 Muslims pray 5 times a day. At noon (12:00 pm) they have a call to pray.

25. Worship Mosque in Turkey. Muslims worship in mosques.

26. Islam – Divided There are two different sections of Islams – Shi’ah and Sunni Islam. What other religion has different sections? What are they called? Take 3 minutes to discuss this with your partner.

27. Answer • Christianity has three different sections: • Protestantism • Catholicism • Orthodox Christianity.

28. Sunnites 90% of Muslims are Sunni Muslims. They believe that caliphs should be elected. Like Christians, they are waiting for their prophet, Muhammad (peace be upon him) to return one day. They call him the “promised one”, or Qa’im.

29. Shiites 10% of Muslims are Shi’ah Muslim. They believe that the caliph should be someone related to Muhammad. The first caliph, in their opinion, should have been Ali. They believe Muhammad will return one day, but they call him the Mahdi. How was Ali related to Muhammad? Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

30. Answer Fatima Ali He was his son-in-law, or the husband of his daughter, Fatimah.

31. Symbols The moon and star are the symbol of Islam.

32. Symbols To show respect for Muhammad, when Muslims say his name they say “peace be upon him”. This is the symbol that represents that saying.

33. Halal When an animal is killed to where it is clean to eat, it is called halal. What is this similar to in Judaism? Take 1 minute to discuss the word with your partner.

34. Answer Kosher