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Reversibility of droplet trains in microfluidic networks

Reversibility of droplet trains in microfluidic networks. Piotr Garstecki 1 , Michael J. Fuerstman 2 , George M. Whitesides 2 1 Institute of Physical Chemistry, PAS, Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University. Kenis, Science (1999).

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Reversibility of droplet trains in microfluidic networks

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  1. Reversibility of droplet trains in microfluidic networks Piotr Garstecki1, Michael J. Fuerstman2, George M. Whitesides2 1 Institute of Physical Chemistry, PAS, Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University

  2. Kenis, Science (1999)

  3. the simplest network – a single loop • amplification and feedback: • drop flows into the arm characterized by lower resistance • (higher pressure gradient) • once the drop enters a channel it increases its resistance

  4. the simplest network – a single loop period-1 period-2 period-3 irregular ffeed / fflow Phys. Rev. E (2006)

  5. period N period 1 period N ??? period 1 nonlinear dynamics embedded in a linear flow invariant under: x - x, (or, equivalently V  - V, and p  -p)

  6. The “operation” of the systemis stable against small differences in the incoming signal Science (2007)

  7. there is amplification and feedback, but: • the nonlinear events are isolated (very short) • the long-range interactions are instantaneous (information is • transmitted much faster than the flow proceeds) • it is all embedded in a linear, dissipative flow

  8. water gas water formation of bubbles – a single nozzle 1 mm height = 30 mm Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2649 (2004)

  9. water gas water formation of bubbles – a single nozzle 1 mm height = 30 mm Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2649 (2004) nitrogen (p=8 psi) / 2% Tween20 in water (Q=3 mL/h), orifice width/length/height: 60/150/30 mm.

  10. liquid gas liquid end of the gas Inlet channel end of the orifice surface evolver 50 mm equilibrium shape for a given volume enclosed by the gas-liquid interface • rate of collapse linear in the of inflow of the continuous phase • only the very last (and short) stage is driven by interfacial tension Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 164501 (2005)

  11. coupled flow-focusing oscillators information (fast) evolution (slow) final break-up takes ‘no’ time • + dissipative dynamics (low to mod Re)

  12. coupled flow-focusing oscillators period-29 Nature Phys. 1, 168 (2005)

  13. coupled flow-focusing oscillators Nature Phys. 1, 168 (2005)

  14. 160 kfps – – 6.25 ms The observed dynamics is (again) stable. Nature Phys. 1, 168 (2005)

  15. dynamics of flow through networks: • complicated (complex) •  it is possible to design complex, automated protocols • stable •  the protocols can be executed in practice

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