1 / 107

APES Review

APES Review. 2013-2014. Matter is anything that A. Has mass and takes up space B. Gives off energy C. Is a solid at room temperature D. Cannot be chemically changed. Most plastics are classified as _________________ pollutants A. Degradable B. Biodegradable

cadman-potter
Télécharger la présentation

APES Review

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. APES Review 2013-2014

  2. Matter is anything that • A. Has mass and takes up space • B. Gives off energy • C. Is a solid at room temperature • D. Cannot be chemically changed

  3. Most plastics are classified as _________________ pollutants • A. Degradable • B. Biodegradable • C. Nonpersistant • D. Nondegradable • E. Slowly degradable

  4. A nuclear change in which two isotopes form a heavier nucleus is known as • A. Nuclear fission • B. Nuclear reaction • C. Radioactive decay • D. Nuclear fusion • E. Critical mass

  5. Natural capital consists of: • A. Goods and services produced by natural means • B. Goods and services produced by nature • C. Goods and services produced using only natural ingredients

  6. The economic theory that claims that the best way to alleviate poverty and to grow the economy is known as • A. Trickle-down theory • B. Narrowing the wealth gap • C. Capitalism • D. Social engineering

  7. If the statute of limitations is cited as a basis for the dismissal of an environmental lawsuit, that means that: • A. The law upon which the case was filed is no longer in effect. • B. The plaintiff was asking for more money than the law allows. • C. The defendant has gone out of business. • D. The problem that was the basis of the lawsuit has been solved. • E. The plaintiff waited too long to file the lawsuit.

  8. Cradle-to-grave is the concept that companies can and should be held responsible for the harmful consequences of their products from manufacture to final disposal are covered under what environmental law? • A. Clean Air Act • B. Superfund • C. Toxic Substances Control Act • D. Resource Conservation & Recovery Act • E. Hazardous and Solid Wastes Act

  9. Under the provisions of the Clean Air Act, priority pollutants are: • A. Pollutants that do the most harm to the air quality. • B. Air pollutants that are most commonly generated • C. The most toxic air pollutants • D. Air pollutants from factories and hazardous waste sites • E. Air pollutants from non-point sources

  10. Nitrate is converted to nitrogen gas through the process of • A. denitrification. • B. nitrification. • C. leaching. • D. nitrogen fixation. • E. assimilation.

  11. Inorganic nitrogen-containing ions are converted into organic molecules through • A. assimilation. • B. leaching. • C. nitrification. • D. nitrogen fixation. • E. denitrification.

  12. Net primary productivity • A. is usually reported as the energy output of an area of producers over a given time. • B. is the rate at which producers manufacture chemical energy through photosynthesis. • C. is the rate at which producers use chemical energy through respiration. • D. is the energy input of an area of producers over a given time. • E. is the rate of photosynthesis plus the rate of respiration.

  13. Life on earth depends on interaction of gravity, the cycling of matter and • A. the destruction of matter. • B. the consumption of matter. • C. one-way flow of energy. • D. cycling of energy. • E. one-way flow of matter.

  14. The pyramid which best explains why there are typically only four to five links in a food chain is the pyramid of • A. energy. • B. biomass. • C. productivity. • D. matter. • E. numbers.

  15. The two ways in which humans have most interfered with the carbon cycle are • A. removal of forests and aerobic respiration. • B. burning fossil fuels and removal of forests and brush. • C. respiration and removal of forests. • D. respiration and photosynthesis. • E. aerobic respiration and burning fossil fuels.

  16. Humus is • A. indicative of poor soils. • B. poisonous to soil microorganisms. • C. partially decomposed organic matter. • D. freshly, fallen leaves. • E. light colored or nearly white.

  17. You read the data records of a field ecologist who reports the following varieties of species: beetles, spiders, grasshoppers, many insects and invertebrates, earthworms, prairie dogs, rabbits, squirrels, meadowlarks, coyotes, foxes, and hawks. You conclude that the field ecologist is located in a • A. arctic tundra. • B. desert. • C. taiga. • D. tropical grassland. • E. temperate grassland

  18. Which of the following is true with respect to oligotrophic lakes and eutrophic lakes? • A. Oligotrophic lakes are more subject to oxygen depletion. • B. Rates of photosynthesis are lower in eutrophic lakes. • C. Eutrophic lake water contains lower concentrations of nutrients. • D. Eutrophic lakes are richer in nutrients. • E. Sediments in oligotrophic lakes contain larger amounts of decomposable organic matter.

  19. Which of the following is characteristic of most terrestrial biomes? • A. annual average rainfall in excess of 250 cm • B. a distribution predicted almost entirely by rock and soil patterns • C. clear boundaries between adjacent biomes • D. vegetation demonstrating stratification • E. cold winter months

  20. The term upwelling refers to the movement of • A. cool water from the Arctic toward the equator. • B. cool nutrient-rich water from the bottom to the surface. • C. warm nutrient-rich water from the bottom to the surface. • D. warm water replacing cool water. • E. warm surface water.

  21. The rain shadow effect refers to • A. wetter conditions on the leeward side of mountain ranges. • B. drier conditions on the windward side of mountain ranges. • C. more light on the leeward side of mountain ranges. • D. more light on the windward side of mountain ranges. • E. drier conditions on the leeward side of mountain ranges.

  22. The main reason Polar Regions are cooler than the equator is because • A. there is more ice at the poles. • B. sunlight strikes the poles at a lower angle. • C. the poles are farther from the sun. • D. the poles have a thicker atmosphere. • E. the poles are permanently tilted away from the sun.

  23. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest average net primary productivity? • A. open ocean • B. agricultural land • C. swamps and marshes • D. lakes and streams • E. temperate forest

  24. Nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia through • A. nitrogen fixation. • B. leaching. • C. nitrification. • D. denitrification. • E. assimilation.

  25. If something is biodegradable, it • A. cannot be broken down by any living processes. • B. can be broken down by decomposers. • C. can be broken down by heterotrophs. • D. can be broken down by autotrophs. • E. cannot be broken down by omnivores.

  26. When organisms die, their nitrogenous organic compounds are converted to simpler inorganic compounds such as ammonia through • A. nitrification. • B. ammonification. • C. denitrification. • D. nitrogen fixation. • E. leaching.

  27. The hydrologic cycle is driven primarily by • A. solar energy and gravity. • B. solar energy and the moon. • C. solar energy and mechanical energy. • D. chemical energy from the moon. • E. mechanical and chemical energy.

  28. Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest level of kilocalories per square meter per year? • A. lakes and streams • B. agricultural land • C. temperate forest • D. tropical rain forest • E. open ocean

  29. Ammonium ions are converted to nitrite ions and nitrate ions through the process of • A. nitrification. • B. leaching. • C. denitrification. • D. assimilation. • E. nitrogen fixation.

  30. Photosynthesis • A. yields glucose and carbon dioxide gas as products. • B. produces carbon dioxide and oxygen gas. • C. yields glucose and oxygen gas as products. • D. requires the combustion of carbon. • E. converts glucose into energy and water.

  31. Plants of the arctic tundra are adapted to • A. freezing temperatures, lack of sunlight, and constant high winds. • B. freezing temperatures, lack of water, and lack of sunlight. • C. moderate temperatures, lack of sunlight, and constant high winds. • D. freezing temperatures, lack of water, and bright sunlight. • E. freezing temperatures, lack of water, and variable winds.

  32. Most of the wetlands that are lost are used for • A. mining. • B. recreation. • C. forestry. • D. urban development. • E. agriculture.

  33. In lakes, the nutrient-rich water near the shore is part of the • A. limnetic zone. • B. benthiczone. • C. profundal zone. • D. abyssalzone. • E. littoralzone.

  34. Estuariesexhibit • A. constant temperature. • B. variable temperature and constant salinity. • C. constant temperature and salinity. • D. variable temperature and salinity. • E. constant temperature and variable salinity.

  35. During an El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), • A. surface water along the South and North American coasts becomes cooler. • B. upwellings of cold, nutrient-rich water are suppressed. • C. prevailing easterly winds weaken. • D. upwellings of cold, nutrient-rich water are increased. • E. upwellings of warm, nutrient-poor water are suppressed.

  36. Deserts typically occur in a band at 30 degrees north and south latitude because • A. descending air masses tend to be cool and dry. • B. trade winds have a little moisture. • C. water is heavier than air and is not carried far over land. • D. ascending air tends to be moist. • E. these locations get the most intense solar radiation of any location on Earth.

  37. Climate is the general pattern of weather over a period of at least • A. 30 years. • B. 20 years. • C. 50 years. • D. 10 years. • E. 40 years.

  38. An ecologist would expect a temperate lake to demonstrate overturns in • A. fall and winter. • B. fall and summer. • C. spring and summer. • D. spring and fall. • E. spring and winter.

  39. Plants and trees can be cut down and replanted. These resources are therefore considered to be • A. Renewable resources • B. Nonrenewable resources • C. Perpetual • D. Exhaustible resources • E. Sustainable

  40. An ecological footprint is defined as • A. The impact an individual may have on a given area of land • B. The amount of biologically productive land and water needed to sustain an individual within a population • C. The carrying capacity of the earth for a given population • D. The amount of land and water that has been converted to nonproductive use within a given geographical region

  41. Point pollution sources • A. Can usually be identified within a given area • B. Can never be located • C. Are dispersed and difficult to identify • D. Are much more expensive to control than nonpoint sources • E. Cannot be controlled

  42. A __________________ feedback loop causes a system to change further in the same direction. • A. Negative • B. Corrective • C. Nominal • D. Positive • E. Polarized

  43. Changes in the gene pools of symbiotic species over time is known as • A. Mutation • B. Hybridization • C. Coevolution • D. Natural selection • E. Genetic shift

  44. The realized niche of a species is ______________ its fundamental niche. • A. The same as • B. Larger than • C. Not effected by • D. Smaller than • E. Independent from

  45. Broad niches are characteristic of • A. Generalist species • B. Extinct species • C. Natural species • D. Competitive species • E. Specialist species

  46. The alteration of an organism’s genetic material through adding, deleting, or changing segments of DNA is known as • A. Genetic engineering • B. Cloning • C. Transgenic organisms • D. Bioengineering • E. Artificial selection

  47. Which habitat has the highest number of species? • A. Tropical rainforest • B. Temperate forest • C. Short-grass prairie • D. Savannah • E. Boreal forest

  48. Habitat fragmentation that increases the edge area around a community can • A. Make species less vulnerable to fi • B. Allow species to increase their genetic variation • C. Increase the propagule pressure of a community • D. Make species less vulnerable to predators • E. Create barriers that prevent species from colonizing new areas

  49. Species richness is defined as • A. The abundance of individuals within a species • B. The number of different species within a community • C. The amount of food types a species consumes • D. The number of niches a species occupies • E. The diversity of species within a community

  50. A species that plays a major role in shaping communities by creating and enhancing habitat is a • A. Keystone species • B. Invasive species • C. Charismatic species • D. Indicator species • E. Foundation species

More Related