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France before the Revolution

This overview delves into the reigns of Louis XV and Louis XVI, highlighting their careless governance that contributed to France's pre-Revolutionary tumult. Louis XV, influenced by the powerful Madame de Pompadour, engaged the nation in costly wars, straining resources and finances. Louis XVI’s marriage to Marie Antoinette, along with his perceived inadequacies and lavish spending, further alienated the lower classes. The financial crisis led to the summoning of the Estates General for the first time in 175 years, setting the stage for monumental societal changes.

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France before the Revolution

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  1. France before the Revolution

  2. Louis XV • Successor to Louis XIV • Ruled carelessly • Madame de Pompadour • Chief mistress • Often seen as one of the most powerful women of the 18th century

  3. Louis XV Creates Problems • Involved in several wars during his reign • War of Polish Succession • War of Austrian Succession • Seven Years War • Lost land and almost drained the finances of France

  4. Louis XVI • 1774-1792 • Little faith in him as King • Married to Marie Antoinette • Political marriage to solidify relationship between the Hapsburgs and the French • “Madame Deficit” • Failed to produce a child for 7 years • Louis XVI pledged expensive military support to the American Revolution • Money could have been used to feed lower class in France

  5. Louis XVI • Deregulation of grain • Cost of bread rose to 10x the amount • Court at Versailles continued oblivious to the outrage in towns • Advisors called for Louis XVI to appoint a financial minister • Jacques Necker • Called the Estates General for the first time in 175 years (1789)

  6. Estates General • 3 Estates • 1- Clergy • 2- Nobles • 3- Everyone else • The top two estates always overrode the 3rd Estate

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