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K2-L12 Lecture Notes

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cally-willis
34 diapositives · 541 Views · Nov 06, 2014

This lecture note covers the nuances of the Korean grammar structure -아/어서 and its use in expressing sequential and causal relationships. It differentiates between usages such as '기숙사에 가서 숙제했어요' to indicate actions related by intention versus two unrelated actions. The notes also compare -고 and -아/어서, clarify conjectural expressions using 겠어요, and spontaneous reactions with -네요. Additionally, it introduces important irregular predicates, noun modification, and reviews past tense constructions. Perfect for students of Korean language.

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K2-L12 Lecture Notes
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  1. K2-L12 Lecture Notes Prof. Mickey Hong Foreign Language & Humanities

  2. G12.1 –아/어서 (sequential) • Same grammar as –아/어서 (because) but different meaning • Expresses cause-and-effect or two sequential, related events • No past tense in the clause, just the final verb or adjective.

  3. -고 vs. -아/어서 1. 기숙사에 가서 숙제했어요. I went to the dormitory and did my homework (there). 2. 기숙사에 가고 숙제했어요. I went to the dormitory and did my homework. #1 implies that you went to the dormitory with the intention of doing your homework there. #2 seems as going to the dorm and doing homework are two unrelated actions.

  4. Examples 1. 편지를 써서 부쳤어요. This sentence does not mean that you mailed the letter because you wrote it. It means you wrote the letter then you mailed. 2. a. 선물을 사서 친구한테 줬어요. O b. 선물을 사고 친구한테 줬어요. X

  5. 1. 한국에 가서 한국어를 배울 거예요. This means that you are going to Korea then learn Korean. It does not mean you learn Korean because you went to Korea. 2. 친구하고 카페에서 만나고 공원에 갔어요. You met your friend at a café and you went to the park (by yourself or with someone else). 3. 친구하고 카페에서 만나서 공원에 갔어요. You met your friend at a café then went to the park. It implies that you met at the café for the purpose of going to the park.

  6. 수퍼에 가다 음식을 사다 수퍼에 가서 음식을 사요.

  7. 한국에 가다 사진을 찍다 한국에 가서 사진을 찍어요.

  8. 방에 들어가다 옷을 입다 방에 들어가서 옷을 입어요.

  9. 극장에 가다 영화를 보다 극장에 가서 영화를 봐요.

  10. 카드를 쓰다 부치다 카드를 써서 부쳐요.

  11. G12.2 VS + 겠어요 (conjecture) • Used to express the speaker’s guess or conjecture “it must be…” • Can be used to make conjecture about the past with 았/었겠어요 • 알겠어요 and 모르겠어요 are used for extra politeness

  12. A: 어젯밤 오락/게임 (game) 오래 했어요. B: 눈 아프겠어요. Examples

  13. A: 어제 저녁 안 먹었어요. B: 배 고프겠어요.

  14. A: 내일 여자친구가 시카고에서 와요. B: 와, 너무 좋겠어요.

  15. 도착하다 (past) 도착했겠어요.

  16. 길이 많이 막히다 길이 많이 막히겠어요.

  17. 목이 마르다 목이 마르겠어요.

  18. 피곤하다 피곤하겠어요.

  19. 먹고 싶다 먹고 싶겠어요.

  20. 보고 싶다 보고 싶겠어요.

  21. G12.3 -네요 • Sentence ending expressing speaker’s spontaneous reaction (surprise, admiration, or sympathy) • VS or AS + 네요 • Past tense 았/었네요

  22. Examples 1. A: 오늘 새 옷 샀어요. B: 어, 너무 예쁘네요! 2. 어, 밖에 비가 오네요. 3. A: 지금 사전 있어요? B: 네, 있어요. 어, 가방 안에 없네요.

  23. 자다 자네요 죽다 (past) 죽었네요 힘들다 힘드네요 결혼하다 (past) 결혼했네요 닮다 닮네요. 닮았네요 키가 크다 키가 크네요 다르다 다르네요 사귀다 사귀네요 Practice

  24. 눈이 오다 눈이 오네요.

  25. 재미있다 재미있네요.

  26. 이사하다 이사하네요.

  27. 벌써 오다 (past) 벌써 왔네요.

  28. 빠르다 빠르네요.

  29. G12.4 Irregular predicates in -ㅎ • Some verbs or adjectives with stem ending -ㅎ drop the final consonant ㅎ before a vowel • Most of these are demonstrative adjectives 이렇다/그렇다/저렇다 (to be this/that way) or colors 빨갛다/까맣다/하얗다/파랗다/노랗다

  30. Colors (색/색깔)

  31. Demonstrative Adjectives

  32. G12.5 Noun ModificationPast Tense: VS + 은/ㄴ • All the noun modification forms learned so far are present tense • Review Verb: -다 + 는 가는 차, 공부하는 사람 Adjective: -다 + 은/ㄴ 좋은 책, 편리한 가방 • Review sheet on ETUDES NG

  33. Grammar Verb: -다 + 은/ㄴ 만나다 어제 만난 사람 Person you met yesterday 읽다 어젯밤 읽은 책 Book (you) read last night

  34. Examples 1. 여름에 졸업한 학생은 누구예요? Who is the student who graduated in summer? 2. 주말에 본 영화 재미있었어요? Was the movie you watched during the weekend fun? 3. 한국어를 가르치신 분은 이 교수님이세요. The person who taught Korean is Prof. Lee.