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Introduction to the Skeletal System: Functions, Parts, and Importance

Learn about the skeletal system's functions in supporting the body, its crucial parts like the skull and vertebral column, and the significance of bone marrow. Discover how the skeleton protects, provides movement, and aids in blood formation.

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Introduction to the Skeletal System: Functions, Parts, and Importance

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  1. Intro to the Skeletal System

  2. #1 • Function: supports the body’s axis (trunk) • Parts: • Skull • Vertebral column • Rib cage

  3. #2 • Function: supports the appendages (limbs) • Parts: • Forelimbs (humerus, radius, ulna) • Hind limbs (femur, tibia, fibula) • Shoulder girdle • Pelvic girdle

  4. #3 • Skull – balanced on vertebral column (baboon – attached to leading edge of vertebral column) • Vertebral column – S-shaped (baboon – arched horizontally) • Pelvic girdle – shorter, rounder, more vertical • Hand – strong grip, precision • Foot – support weight, walking & running

  5. Article: The Downside of Upright • Dangerous childbirth • Wide, flat, saddle-shaped pelvis • Back problems – esp. lumbar region • S-shaped vertebral column • Knee injuries • Increased lateral pressure • Foot problems • Arch

  6. #4 • Ball-and-socket (mvmt on several planes) • Humerus to shoulder girdle • Femur to pelvic girdle • Hinge (mvmt on one plane) • Humerus to ulna • Femur to tibia • Pivot (rotation) • Radius to ulna

  7. #5 • Yellow marrow • Located in central cavity • Stores fat • Red marrow • Located in spongy bone inside heads of bones • Produces blood cells

  8. #6 • Support • Upright posture, soft tissues • Protection • Skull, rib cage, pelvis • Movement • Muscle attachment, flexibility, leverage • Blood formation • Red bone marrow • Mineral storage • Calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate

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