1 / 14

Guardians of Health: Immune System Essentials

Discover the wonders of the immune system's defense mechanisms, from the physical barriers of the skin to the powerful white blood cells and defense proteins that protect our bodies from pathogens. Learn about the roles of phagocytes, lymphocytes, antibodies, interferon, and the benefits of vaccination in preventing infections. Explore the world of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and parasites, and how they can be transmitted through various means. Dive into this fascinating realm of biological protection and understand the complex workings of our immune system.

camilla-todd
Télécharger la présentation

Guardians of Health: Immune System Essentials

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Immune System

  2. The Skin • 1st line of defense: physical barrier • Oils & sweat destroy some pathogens • Some cells burst • Some cells shrivel

  3. Mucus Membranes • Coat the openings of the body • Nose, mouth, ears, eyes, genitals, anus • Lined with cilia & sticky fluids to trap pathogens

  4. White Blood Cells • Job: Search & destroy • Phagocytes: surround & engulf invaders • Phagocytosis • Lymphocytes: • T cells: destroy infected body cells • B cells: Inactivate invaders

  5. Defense Proteins • Complimentary Proteins • Weaken cell membrane • Attract phagocytes • Cause microbes to stick to wall of blood vessel

  6. Defense Proteins • Antibodies • Made by B cells • Bind to cell membrane of pathogen • Prevents pathogen from binding to host cells • Causes pathogens to clump • More susceptible to phagocytes • Weakens the cell membrane • Causes them to burst

  7. Defense Proteins • Interferon • Produced by virus infected cells • Stimulates uninfected cells to create infection preventing enzymes

  8. Vaccination • Prevents infections (not a cure) • Memory cells developed without actually getting the disease • Vaccine • Contains antigens of a pathogen • Weakened pathogen is injected • Stimulates the production of memory cells • Speeds up immune response if you encounter the unweakened virus

  9. Pathogens • Defined: microorganisms that cause disease • Viruses: turn cells into virus making factories • Bacteria: prokaryotes that can release toxic chemicals • Fungi: pierce cells and absorb the nutrients • Protozoans: single cells protista (eukaryotes) • Parasites: grow and feed on a host

  10. Pathogens (contd) • Some carried by wind, water, direct contact, indirect contact… • Some carried by vectors • Vector: object that carries a pathogen • Examples: • Malaria – mosquitos carry the protozoan • Black Death – carried by flea’s of mice • West Nile Virus – carried by birds, but spread by mosquitos

More Related