1. CLAUSE COMPLEXES

2. EXPANSION AND PROJECTION

3. PRACTICE

4. Clause Complexes Analysis When analysing clause complexes, we take into account these guidelines: • List each clause vertically down the page, lettering each clause complex (A,B,C, etc.) and numbering each clause in the clause complex (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.) • Display analysis on the left-hand side of the text • Begin a new layer whenever thereis a change in taxis or a change in logico-semantic relation.

5. I have bought some beautiful tapestries and I think you will like them. • The match was cancelled, because it started to rain. • They advised me to emigrate, which is the last thing I’d do.

6. A i 1I have bought some beautiful tapestries ii +2aand I think iii ‘b you will like them. B i αThe match was cancelled, ii xβbecause it started to rain C i aThey advised me iia´´b to emigrate, iii=βwhich is the last thing I’d do.

7. He said that he liked the place. • “I am a professional,” he answered angrily. • Alcoholic drinks are sold out to adults, i.e. they are sold to people over 18.

8. D i αHe said ii “βthat he liked the place. E i “1“I am a professional”, ii 2he answered angrily. F i 1Alcoholic drinks are sold out to adults, ii = 2i.e. they are sold to people over 18.

9. Take extra care when driving at night. • Several countries have signed the pact; specifically all the EC countries have done so. • “I am the person you are looking for,” he confessed.

10. G i αTake extra care ii xβwhen driving at night. H i 1Several countries have signed the pact; ii =2specifically all the EC countries have done so. I i “ 1“I am the person you are looking for,” ii 2he confessed.

11. We should get through this job fairly soon; actually, there is very little left to do. • They spread the cloth on the grass and then began unpacking the picnic. • She wanted to know if he was comfortable in his room.

12. J i 1We should get through this job fairly soon; ii = 2actually, there is very little left to do. K i 1They spread the cloth on the grass ii x2and then began unpacking the picnic. L i αShe wanted to know ii ‘βif he was comfortable in his room.

13. They decided not to go, which turned out to be a mistake. • Jane already speaks two foreign languages, whereas/while her brother hasn’t learned any. • He went to the station in a sort of dream, and was at home without realizing he had moved out of her street.

14. M i αThey decided not to go, ii =bwhich turned out to be a mistake. N i αJane already speaks two foreign languages, ii +βwhereas/while her brother hasn’t learned any. O i 1 He went to the station in a sort of dream, ii +2 aand was at home iii xb a without realizing iv‘b he had moved out of her street.

15. It’s like going out with a child; she stops dead and refuses to go on. • Percival finished his whimper and went on playing, for the tears had washed the sand away. • “You know that you like them,”she said.

16. P i 1It’s like going out with a child; ii =21she stops dead iii +2and refuses to go on. Q i 1Percival finished his whimper ii +2and went on playing, iii x3for the tears had washed the sand away. R i “1“You know ii ‘that you like them,” iii 2she said.

17. They thought anything might happen if one came from London. • The minister glanced several times at his watch, so I took him aside and asked him to wait for half an hour.

18. S i They thought ii ‘anything might happen iii xif one came from London. T i 1The minister glanced several times at his watch, ii x21so I took himaside iii +2 andasked him iv “to wait for half an hour.