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Commensalism is one of the most challenging concepts in biology for students to grasp. It is part of symbiosis, where organisms interact closely. This lesson includes definitions and examples of mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism. For instance, mutualism occurs when both organisms benefit, like bacteria in our intestines helping us digest food. Parasitism harms one while benefiting the other, such as a tick on a dog. Commensalism involves one benefiting with no effect on the other, like clownfish and anemones. Engage students with guided practice and assessments on these relationships.
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5 minute TAKS Lessons Week of 3/3/08 *commensalism is one of the hardest words in biology for our students to understand!
Symbiosis • =organisms that interact and live closely together
Mutualism Both organisms benefit Example Bacteria in your intestines They get food You get the cellulose digested so you can eat plants 3 types
One is harmed and one is helped Examples Tick on a dog’s ear The tick gets food (blood) The dog loses blood, gets a sore, and can get diseases Parasitism
One benefits and one is neither harmed nor helped Example: Clown fish and anemones The clown fish gets protection from predators The anemone gets nothing Commensalism
Guided practice • Can you think of examples of commensalism in human relationships?
Assessment • Which situation best represents a mutualistic relationship? • A A tapeworm absorbing nutrients from the intestine of a dog • B An orchid being pollinated by a nectar collecting wasp • C A human losing blood to a feeding mosquito • D An armadillo rooting in the soil at the base of an oak tree
Answer • B – The orchid is pollinated (and can therefore reproduce), and the wasp gets nectar for food. • All of the other answers describe parasitic relationships