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Journey through Colonial Narratives: An Analysis of Mayflower History, Captivity Stories, and Slave Narratives

Explore the impact of colonialism in Plain Style through the lens of historical events like the Mayflower voyage, captivity narratives, and slave accounts, revealing insights into early American life and struggles. Dive into the everyday vernacular of key figures like John Howland and Myles Standish, alongside themes of faith, suffering, and cultural clashes with Native Americans. Contrast Puritans with Cavaliers, uncovering satire, propaganda, and societal divisions. Discover the evolution of self-improvement ideals through influential figures like Franklin and Edwards, and delve into religious movements like the Great Awakening and Salem Witch Trials.

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Journey through Colonial Narratives: An Analysis of Mayflower History, Captivity Stories, and Slave Narratives

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  1. Colonialism Review

  2. Plain Style • Uncomplicated Sentences • Everyday words—vernacular • Allusions to God/Bible • Opposed to High Style • Role of God in daily life • Diary/Chronological Account • Identify with Geneva Bible not King James Bible

  3. Of Plymouth Plantation Anecdotes • Haughty Seaman • John Howland • The Giant Screw • Myles Standish • Native Americans • Diction Early vs. Late • Peace Treaty • Massasoit, Samoset, Squanto (Wampanoag)

  4. Bradford’s Devices • Litotes—understatement for effect—expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary • Ex—My mom was not a little upset when I returned home at 3:00 am after sneaking out. • Allusion • Trials/Sufferings as tests of God (The Winter) • Wilderness to Promised Land

  5. FYI • 1517—Luther’s 95 Theses • 1529-1536—Henry 8th and Anglican Church • 1607—Jamestown • 1619—Slaves in New World • 1620—Plymouth/Cape Cod • By 1640—20,000 Puritans to New World • 1636—Harvard as Minister Training School • 1675—King Philip’s War

  6. Captivity Narratives • 1st Person Account (limited) • Raid/Capture • Struggles = Tests of God • Salvation/Liberation = God’s Mercy • Sensational Propaganda—Native peoples as heathen, savage, amoral—Need Europe’s civilizing force—”Penny dreadfuls”—Stories of captivity still fascinate

  7. Narrative of Captivity • Anecdotes/Accounts/Diary Entries/First Blog • Fate of Sarah • Encounter with Mary and Son • Gift of Bible • Meeting with Philip—Just Say No • Metacomet = King Philip • On the run / Diet / Sewing • Allusions to Bible • Frankl Study

  8. Puritans/Roundheads Cape Cod/Plymouth New England Small Farmers/Traders Anti-England Focus on Scripture Winthrop’s “City on the Hill” Cavaliers Jamestown Southern Plantations/Slave Labor Embrace English Ways Focus on Arts and Sciences Humanist/Rationalist Puritans v. Cavaliers

  9. Satire • A work which ridicules its subject in order to provoke change • Uses hyperbole, understatement, irony (verbal or situational), juxtaposition • The Onion, The Daily Show, The Colbert Report

  10. History of the Dividing Line • Early sardonic diction • Life at Point Comfort • Reference to John Smith • Reference to tavern/church • Take on intermarriage • Discussion of Bearskin’s religion

  11. Slave Narratives • 1st Person Accounts • Middle Passage of Triangular Trade • Raid/Capture • First Encounter • Voyage • Marketplace • Slave Life • Freedom—Propaganda for Abolitionist Movement—Put personal face to issue—Make country sympathetic—Play to religious sentiment

  12. Slavery • 10-15 million total • 2 million dead in passage • US—60,000 escape • 6,000 interviews • 100s of narratives • First Black literature • Equiano’s story?

  13. Equiano • First sight of ship/crew • Concrete imagery of ship • Fish and flogging examples • Escape examples • Barbados arrival • Rhetorical questions of Christians

  14. Jonathan Edwards • Purpose and Tone and Tools • Imagery • Hand of God • Pit of Fire • Dammed Waters • Bow and arrow • Spider on thread • Concrete images of Hell • Shift at end

  15. Franklin • Background in Boston • Collins anecdote • Drunk Dutchman • Jobless in New York • Journey to New Jersey (cold, walk, survival) • Dr. Brown and satirical Bible

  16. Franklin • Arrival in Philadelphia • Archetype of self-made man • 3 Rolls (altruism, practicality) • Asleep in church • Moral Perfection • Rationalism • Self-Improvement

  17. Other Ideas • Rationalism/Deism • Arrive at truth through reason • God as “clockmaker” • Study laws of nature to get closer to God • Role of self-improvement • Cotton Mather • 1721 small pox outbreak • Brings inoculation to Boston from Muslims • 6 of 300 inoculate die versus 850 of 6000 not inoculated die

  18. Other Ideas • Great Awakening • 1734-1750 • Revival of Puritanism • Use of fiery speech and fear propaganda • Salem Witch Trials • 1691-1692 • 150 accused • Spiritual fervor—Devil testing most holy place • Seaport (rich merchant) vs Village (poor farmer) • Women’s independence and sexuality • Ergotism

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