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Protestant Missionary Movement

Protestant Missionary Movement. Lesson 12. Objectives: Lesson 12. Describe the widening sense in European Protestantism of the universality of the gospel and discuss the theological and evangelical impulses behind the modern missions movement

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Protestant Missionary Movement

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  1. Protestant Missionary Movement Lesson 12

  2. Objectives: Lesson 12 • Describe the widening sense in European Protestantism of the universality of the gospel and discuss the theological and evangelical impulses behind the modern missions movement • Describe the factors that impelled the beginnings of Protestant missions, especially the life and work of William Carey (1761-1834) and Adoniram Judson (1788-1850) • Compare methods the church used to implement her mission in history with present attempts to meet fresh challenges facing the church today • Describe some of the ways in which Christianity grew in various Asian countries • Describe the development of missions in the South Pacific • Term Paper Project • Hymn Project • Articles of Faith • TULIP • Wesleyan Quadrilateral

  3. European Protestantism • Describe the widening sense in European Protestantism of the universality of the gospel and discuss the theological and evangelical impulses behind the modern missions movement • Protestant Calvinism did not promote missions • Pietists and the Moravian groups felt that their message needed to be spread • To their own people in remote locations (USA / Africa) • To foreigners

  4. European Protestantism • As strict Calvinism was rejected, the call for saving the souls of others grew • instead of "God will save them" it became "We must at least preach that they may hear and respond"

  5. Early Protestant missions groups (1700’s) • Catholics! :-) Don't forget, they were there the whole time! • First Spain and Portugal • Then France • England - SPCK and SPG • Wesley went with SPG to Georgia • Whitefield too • Danish Pietists to India • Moravians • German and Swiss • London Missionary Society (1795) • Church Missionary Society (1799)

  6. 1800’s • Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society (1817) • South Pacific • Americas • American Board of Commissionares for Foreign Missions (1820) • To Hawaii • At first, these societies were basically non-denominational. 100 years later most joined with denominations for administrative or financial support.

  7. South Pacific Missions • LMS sent missionaries to Tahiti - 1796 • John Williams killed in Tonga 1839 • Tonga - Methodists from 1820s • Samoa • CMS to New Zealand (1814)

  8. Factors that impelled the beginnings of Protestant missions • Describe the factors that impelled the beginnings of Protestant missions, especially the life and work of William Carey (1761-1834) and Adoniram Judson (1788-1850) • Protestant Missionary assumptions: • Humans are basically the same spiritually • Humans are equal in God's sight • Other religions are inadequate or evil • My culture is better (oops!) William Carey – “Father of Protestant Missions” was actually not the first.

  9. Compare methods • Compare methods the church used to implement her mission in history with present attempts to meet fresh challenges facing the church today • Catholic Missions: • Focus on giving clergy positions only to Europeans with training • Focus on Christianizing, but not elevating • "Paternalistic" Father-child relationship • Local people not trained because “they cannot do the work as well”

  10. Early Protestant Missions: • Focus on equality and Christianizing • Focus on cultural superiority • Converts could sometimes be leaders if they changed culture

  11. Later Protestant Missions: • Increasing discomfort with "Westernizing" or "civilizing" • Quickly transfer leadership to national pastors and lay people • 3-self churches: self-governing, self-supporting, self-propagating (spread) • But where is the "body" in 3-self? • 3-self is a good phase of missions • Interdependence has great value • Schools are expensive and disappointing • Schools should only be for training pastors and teachers • They should serve the church • They should be in vernacular • Translation efforts are important • Missionaries should not get involved in politics

  12. These views diminished during the 1890's due to "high colonialism" • Compassionate Ministries became a focus • Sometimes to the neglect of evangelism • Often seen as working hand-in-hand

  13. Describe some of the ways in which Christianity grew in various Asian countries • William Carey (1761-1834) to India • Adoniram Judson (1788-1850) - China • China and most of Asia affected by Communist growth in 1950's • Most missionaries were forced out • Church forced "underground" • Extreme persecution • Nationals had to take full responsibility • Today some estimates say that over 30,000 Chinese people come to Christ every day! • Back to Jerusalem Movement - Chinese missionaries want to evangelize from their country to Jerusalem and "complete the circle"

  14. Back to Jerusalem

  15. Describe the development of missions in the South Pacific • Captain Cook sailed the South Pacific and wrote letters that people in England read. • Stirred clergy and laity • Catholics had not come to the South Sea • Formed an interdenominational group called London Missionary Society (LMS) • Send missionaries to Tahiti or other islands • Mostly British at first • Most did not want American or British control of islands until French Catholics arrived around 1850 • Early missionaries were very opposed to Catholics

  16. Early missionaries faced several problems: • Animist religion (worshipping rocks / animals / appease spirits) often made visitors unwelcome. A curse would come if new people arrived. • Ocean transportation • European traders that would stir up the nationals against the missionaries • Temptations

  17. 1797 39 Missionaries from LMS arrived in Tahiti • Many were curious about these new missionaries • Well received and taken care of • But no signs of success for 16 years! • Many went home, 3 went "native" • Henry Nott stayed with the mission through many trials. Finally the king of Tahiti gave up his idols, was baptized 7 years later, and the people were able to openly accept Christ. • Infanticide and cannibalism stopped • Tahitian Christians became a major missionary force to Tonga, Samoa, New Caledonia, New Hebrides (Vanuatu) and Cook Islands

  18. 10 went on to Tonga with Captain Wilson • Not well received • Sailors that had run away were on Tonga • They made fun of the missionaries • They tempted the missionaries to join them in sexual immorality and drinking - 1 did! • Civil War and 3 missionaries died, the others had to be rescued • LMS Mission to Tonga failed

  19. In 1820 Wesleyan Methodists came and were more successful in Tonga • New Zealand Maori • Tonga • LMS Missionary John Williams took Fauea and his family back to Samoa and started the church work there. • Fauea said that their biggest opposition would be the high priest of the animist religion. • The priest died 3 weeks before the arrival of Fauea and Williams, and no new priest was named! http://www.ebay.com/itm/5-TALA-Banknote-SAMOA-1985-COASTAL-Harbor-View-UNC-/380212934975 http://amazingchronoscope.blogspot.com/2012/08/samoan-child-on-london-missionary.html

  20. Further Expansion of Missions work • Fiji • New Guinea • New Britain • Northern Solomons

  21. Solomon Island Missions development • Spanish Catholic explorer baptized some people of Makira Island (1568). They did not know why. • 1845 French Catholic Jean-Baptise Epalle, who was killed his first day on land. Catholics did not return until 1898. • 1852 Anglican missionaries to Norfolk Island took young boys to New Zealand for schooling and brought them back to do evangelism. Today Anglicanism is the largest denomination in Solomon Islands. • SSEC (Queensland Kanaka Mission) in 1894 with Peter Abu'ofa. It became SSEC in 1907. • Methodist Mission arrived in 1902 in New Georgia. They relied heavily on islanders from other countries. • 1914 Seventh Day Adventists arrive in Western Solomons • 1971 Assembly of God • 1977 Jehovah's Witness • 1992 Nukukaisi Church of the Nazarene with Dickson Manongi and Wallace White. :-) • See _00_Religion in Day 09 for chart and table of membership SSEC

  22. Missions is at home and missions is overseas. • Missionary is a Christian ministering cross-culturally • Much Solomon islands missions is cross-cultural! • 7 billion people live on Earth, 1/3 have never heard of Jesus - what will you do?

  23. Homework

  24. http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&biw=1920&bih=938&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=KI1mLgdhXdgVGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.uq.edu.au/hprc/beattie-savo-guadalcanal&docid=kR_EDv2aYCPJqM&imgurl=http://www.uq.edu.au/hprc/docs/solomon/Guadalcanal%252520Beattie%252520655%252520Memorial%252520Cross%252520Pioneer%252520Missionary%252520Guadalcanal%252520SINM.jpg&w=750&h=566&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&biw=1920&bih=938&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=KI1mLgdhXdgVGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.uq.edu.au/hprc/beattie-savo-guadalcanal&docid=kR_EDv2aYCPJqM&imgurl=http://www.uq.edu.au/hprc/docs/solomon/Guadalcanal%252520Beattie%252520655%252520Memorial%252520Cross%252520Pioneer%252520Missionary%252520Guadalcanal%252520SINM.jpg&w=750&h=566&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1

  25. http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=EsMqGWMbTnoUuM:&imgrefurl=http://www.janeresture.com/isabel/&docid=IxuXFNSY3HC95M&imgurl=http://www.janeresture.com/isabel/melanesian%252520missionary.jpg&w=354&h=231&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:38,s:0,i:200&iact=rc&page=2&tbnh=181&tbnw=255&start=30&ndsp=39&tx=99&ty=81&biw=1920&bih=938http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=EsMqGWMbTnoUuM:&imgrefurl=http://www.janeresture.com/isabel/&docid=IxuXFNSY3HC95M&imgurl=http://www.janeresture.com/isabel/melanesian%252520missionary.jpg&w=354&h=231&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:38,s:0,i:200&iact=rc&page=2&tbnh=181&tbnw=255&start=30&ndsp=39&tx=99&ty=81&biw=1920&bih=938 http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=r-20oE4wUbYFyM:&imgrefurl=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/oferrall_santacruz1908/&docid=JafJ5SiWsZV0QM&imgurl=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/oferrall_santacruz1908/school_wilson.jpg&w=700&h=467&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:53,s:0,i:245&iact=rc&page=2&tbnh=170&tbnw=262&start=30&ndsp=39&tx=138&ty=94&biw=1920&bih=938

  26. http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?start=519&sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=9EbDTUHmmUDurM:&imgrefurl=http://www.greatsouthernroute.com/captains-log/sovereign-state-of-oceania/&docid=UV2WVG7LF-i_KM&imgurl=http://www.greatsouthernroute.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/SOL0421.jpg&w=510&h=344&ei=JQ1JUqSUKIapyAHO5oCwBA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:60,s:500,i:184&iact=rc&page=14&tbnh=184&tbnw=255&ndsp=43&tx=135&ty=91&biw=1920&bih=938http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?start=519&sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=9EbDTUHmmUDurM:&imgrefurl=http://www.greatsouthernroute.com/captains-log/sovereign-state-of-oceania/&docid=UV2WVG7LF-i_KM&imgurl=http://www.greatsouthernroute.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/SOL0421.jpg&w=510&h=344&ei=JQ1JUqSUKIapyAHO5oCwBA&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:60,s:500,i:184&iact=rc&page=14&tbnh=184&tbnw=255&ndsp=43&tx=135&ty=91&biw=1920&bih=938 http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?sa=X&hl=en&sout=0&tbm=isch&tbnid=7x6KRvTdapn6HM:&imgrefurl=http://www.postcardman.net/solomon.html&docid=o4S3G0AXLMh5QM&imgurl=http://www.postcardman.net/200046.jpg&w=430&h=281&ei=QAxJUt2kAojMyQGJ3IHwBg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:76,s:0,i:314&iact=rc&page=3&tbnh=181&tbnw=270&start=69&ndsp=41&tx=108&ty=97&biw=1920&bih=938

  27. http://epress.anu.edu.au/apps/bookworm/view/An+Otago+Storeman+in+Solomon+Islands/10011/ch03.htmlhttp://epress.anu.edu.au/apps/bookworm/view/An+Otago+Storeman+in+Solomon+Islands/10011/ch03.html

  28. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahiti en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tahiti

  29. http://www.google.com.sb/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chrisrainey.com/images/2449-1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.chrisrainey.com/index.php%3Fs%3D116%26clr%3D1&usg=__o3JR9EgKdZbYVp3FA7JYALItiYA=&h=570&w=876&sz=95&hl=en&start=20&zoom=1&tbnid=MUKiiZaFEC8UYM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=146&ei=HgxJUuDgBO2MyAHi14CYDA&itbs=1&sa=X&ved=0CFEQrQMwEwhttp://www.google.com.sb/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chrisrainey.com/images/2449-1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.chrisrainey.com/index.php%3Fs%3D116%26clr%3D1&usg=__o3JR9EgKdZbYVp3FA7JYALItiYA=&h=570&w=876&sz=95&hl=en&start=20&zoom=1&tbnid=MUKiiZaFEC8UYM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=146&ei=HgxJUuDgBO2MyAHi14CYDA&itbs=1&sa=X&ved=0CFEQrQMwEw

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