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The Bologna Process: Transforming Higher Education in Europe

The Bologna Process, initiated in 1999, aims to create a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) that facilitates student mobility and standardizes education across Europe. As of 2023, 29 signatory countries, including Austria, Germany, and the UK, have implemented a framework with three cycles of study: Bachelor's (180-240 ECTS), Master's (90-120 ECTS), and Doctoral degrees. This initiative encourages both local and international students to pursue higher education in Europe, enhancing the continent's knowledge base and aligning educational practices more closely with the American system for global competitiveness.

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The Bologna Process: Transforming Higher Education in Europe

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  1. BolognaProcess and itstruenature Bachelor: V. Akhundova Supervisor:P. Movsumova GSU

  2. University of Bologna 1999 29 European countries

  3. Signatories

  4. From 1999 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United kingdom From 2001 Croatia, Cyprus,, Liechtenstein, Turkey From 2003 Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Holy See, Russia, Serbia, Macedonia From 2005 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine From 2010 Kazakhstan

  5. Framework

  6. 1st cycle – 180-240 ECTS credits, usually awarding a Bachelor’s degree 2nd cycle – 90-120 ECTS credits, usually awarding a Master’s degree 3rd cycle – Doctoral degree, no ECTS range given

  7. 60 ECTS credits – 1,500- 1,800 hours of study

  8. Norway- one ECTS point = 20 hours of study The Netherlands- one ECTS point = 28 hours of study

  9. Goals

  10. it is easy to move from one country to the other for the purpose of further study or employment; • so that many people from non-European countries also come to study and/or work in Europe; • the European Higher Education Area provides Europe with a broad, high-quality advanced knowledge base. • as European higher education adopts aspects of the American system.

  11. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!!!!!

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