Day 1

1. Day 1

2. Review What is this questions asking for? Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of being a part of a tributary empire for (1) Japan, Korea, and Vietnam under the Chinese; (2) Russia under the Tartars; and (3) peoples of Central America under the Aztecs.

3. Chapter 15-17 Quiz

4. Homework • Essays 4, 5, & 6. Due Jan. 5/6. • DO NOT spend more than 40 min on any of the essays individually. • Graphic Organizer: Spanish & Portuguese Efforts • Due Jan. 5/6

5. Essays 4, 5, & 6 Topics Also found on the class website and on the Handout currently being passed out.

6. Essays 4, 5, & 6 Topics • All essays must be hand written on the same type of paper. • Staple the completed DBQ and CCOT essays to the back of the Essay Handout in order. • Keep the C/C essay separate. • Fill out the heading on the Essay Handout. • Each Essay needs to have a title of what type of Essay it is. • DBQ, CCOT & C/C will do.

7. Essays 4, 5, & 6 Topics • DBQ • Document Based Question • Topic and documents found on page D-5 of your text book. • Topic I. 5 Documents. • CCOT • Changes and Continuities Over Time • Analyze the economic, political and cultural evolution of the Roman empire of the classical period to the Byzantine empire of the postclassical era. Identify both continuities and changes in the transformation from Roman to Byzantine society. • C/C • Compare and Contrast • Compare and contrast the role that China played in the development of Korea, Vietnam, and Japan to the role played by Byzantium in eastern Europe and Russia.

8. Graphic organizers as a study tool.

9. Graphic organizers as a study tool. Create a graphic organizer to help identify the difference and similarities between Spanish and Portuguese colonization efforts in the Americas. Draw two intersecting circles in your notes (Venn Diagram) and label one circle “Spanish Efforts” and label the other “Portuguese Efforts.” In the center where the two circles intersect, list the similarities between the two nations’ efforts at colonization.

10. Graphic organizers as a study tool. To list your differences, you should draw lines out from each circle and draw smaller circles at the end of each line. In these smaller circles, you should list the dissimilar ways that Spain and Portugal set up and run their colonies. These Graphic Organizers will be graded when we return.

11. How to Write a Compare Contrast Thesis The following are some crucial points in writing a clear and analytic thesis for Compare Contrast essays.

12. What to do Before Writing a Thesis Statement • Before writing a thesis statement, the writer must be aware of his or her audience and purpose. • Unclear thesis statements emanate from the minds of writers with an unclear purpose. • You must form an opinion and state it clearly. Do not be wishy-washy. • Be sure you have approached your evidence fairly, without bias. • Consider both sides of a controversial issue. • Once you've established the topic question, a clear position, and objectivity, you're ready to write a thesis statement.

13. What is a Thesis Statement

14. What is a Thesis Statement Students have heard the term thesis statement hundreds of times by the time they reach high school, yet have only a vague understanding of what one is. A thesis statement presents your opinions or thoughts on a subject or an issue. You cannot write an essay without one. A thesis statement must contain a subject + an opinion. A thesis statement answers the topic question (the one you created or the one presented to you by the instructor).

15. TIP: A thesis statement should never contain the following: • in my opinion • I think • I believe, etc. • However, it may be helpful for you to begin your thesis statement rough draft with in my opinion, I believe, or I think to make sure you are expressing your thoughts or opinion on the specific subject or issue. • When writing the final thesis statement, simply eliminate those phrases.

16. Writing a Good Thesis Statement

17. Writing a Good Thesis Statement A good thesis statement is short and simple: it should be no longer than one sentence, regardless of essay length. Good Example: Success is a result of doing the right things consistently. Bad Example: In a world full of success gurus and books about success, it becomes ever so more important to delineate the one trait that ultimately determines success: doing the right things consistently.

18. Writing a Good Thesis Statement A good thesis statement is limited to one main idea. Good example: The key to successful dieting is focusing on a specific goal. Bad example: The key to successful dieting is focusing on a specific goal, which is also the key to successfully running a business and coaching a football team.

19. Writing a Good Thesis Statement A good thesis statement is a declarative sentence with no qualifiers (might, maybe, perhaps, etc.): Good example: Lebron James' ability to score, pass, and rebound make him the league's most valuable player. Bad example: Does Lebron James' ability to score, pass, and rebound make him the league's most valuable player? Bad Example: Lebron James' ability to score, pass, and rebound just might make him the league's most valuable player.

20. How to Write a Good Thesis Statement

21. How to Write a Good Thesis Statement Knowing what a good thesis statement looks like and knowing how to write a good thesis statement are not the same. The following steps will help you write a good thesis statement. • Write several trial thesis statements: writing is a process, so is writing a thesis statement. • Don’t be afraid to revise your thesis statements. • If you're having trouble deciding which side to take on a controversial issue, write your thesis statement from two different points of view. • Then decide which one better represents your opinion. • If you still can't decide, list facts on both sides of the issue and decide which facts make a more persuasive argument.

22. Evaluating Thesis Statements

23. Use the following questions after writing a thesis statement: Have you answered the question or merely restated it? • The following examples are based on this question: Does Romeo's prior feelings for Rosaline diminish the credibility of his love for Juliet? • Good example: Romeo's prior feelings for Rosaline diminish the credibility of his love for Juliet. • Bad example: This essay examines whether or not Romeo's prior feelings for Rosaline diminishes his love for Juliet.

24. Have you tried to argue both sides of the case? It is important to acknowledge the other side and address the other position. That does not, however, excuse you from choosing a side. • Good example: Juliet was not the first woman to capture Romeo's fancy; she was, however, the one who affected him the most. • Bad example: Romeo loved Juliet with all his heart, but he loved Rosaline too; It could be argued they were both his favorite. • Have you prejudged the issue by using loaded language? Immature writers manipulate readers through emotionally-charged language. • Bad example: Immature, whiny, male-pig Romeo, a male harlot, ruined precious Juliet whom he loved no more than Rosaline.

25. How to Write a Compare Contrast Thesis The following are some crucial points in writing a clear and analytic thesis for Compare Contrast essays.

26. Example Question For several hundred years the Mongols ruled over both Russiaand China.  After casting off Mongol domination, both areas began a process of political and cultural recovery. Compare and contrast these processes in Russiaand China.

27. Things to Remember • Note the key words in this essay prompt: compare and contrast. • This means you must write a thesis that expresses what China and Russia had in common and where they were different. • In short, your thesis must address the comparison. • Your thesis (and essay) should stay within the parameters of the question or prompt. • An essay on the Columbian exchange should not deal with the Swahili Coast of Africa .

28. Next, your thesis should state an opinion. • Be bold. • Do not merely restate the question or one of its assumptions. • To argue a point, you must first of all have one. • The following is not an acceptable thesis; it simply restates information given by the prompt: • Russiaand Chinaboth gained freedom from Mongol domination. • Your thesis should contain the categories that you will use in the essay as evidence. Do not do this: • BadThe recovery of Russiaand Chinaafter the Mongols had many similarities and differences. • The above sentence is vague, wimpy, and is really just a restatement of an assumption in the prompt. It is a fluttering of loose ends needing to be nailed down onto concrete categories.

29. Now look at this one. BetterWhen Russia and China recovered from Mongol domination they had similar political goals but different cultural goals. This thesis is getting there.  It at least declares in general categories how the paths of China and Russia were different and how they were similar after the Mongols. It has broken down (analyzed) these things into categories that lend themselves to a well defined essay.  But it could be better.

30. Note the difference between the previous thesis and the one below: BestWhile both Russiaand Chinabuilt strong centralized governments after breaking free from the Mongols, Russia imitated the culture and technology of Europe while China became isolated and built upon its own foundations.   Think about this thesis for a moment. It directly addresses the comparison (tells what they have in common and where they were different.) It contains the categories (political and cultural) on which the writer will hang relevant historical facts, and the terms (foreign influence and isolationism) on which the comparisons will be made.

31. These categories will form the paragraphs of the essay. This thesis is a verbal engine sufficient to drive the type of essays that could generate an 8 or a 9 on your APWH test, providing you accomplish the other thesis requirements. Try it sometime. In fact, try it now.

32. Thesis Writing Exercise #1 • Base on what you've just learned about thesis statements, read the following prompt and write a single sentence thesis in the form below. • Then submit it to Mr. Murphy and make his day. • Remember that your thesis must: • directly address the comparison • stay within the parameters of the question • take an arguable position on the subject • make reference to the categories that will be used in the essay.

33. OK, here we go: Prompt: How did the natural environments of two of the following river civilizations influence developments in technology, cultural achievements, and religious beliefs? Mesopotamian societies, Indus River valley civilizations, Chinese, Meso-American/Andean societies

34. How to Grade and Revise a Rough Draft The Introduction

35. The Introduction • Read your own rough draft. • Highlight the thesis statement. • If there is no thesis statement, write a gigantic zero at the top of the page. • For this exercise, quickly rewrite one. • Underline the topic sentence of each paragraph. • Exchange papers.

36. Read the introduction. If the introduction hooks the reader, assign 10 points. If the thesis statement (already highlighted) contains a subject and an opinion, assign 10 more points. If the thesis statement is the last sentence of the introduction, assign 5 points. Write the score for the introduction next to the introductory paragraph (25 points possible). Discuss ways to improve the introduction as you grade.

37. Body Paragraphs Learning how to revise an essay might be too much the first time. In addition to grading the body paragraph of an essay, use these procedures to grade paragraphs. Exchange papers again. Look at the topic sentence for the first body paragraph. If there is no topic sentence, explicit or implied, then the paragraph receives a zero.

38. Conclusion and Conclusion • If the conclusion of the essay exists, contains at least four sentences, and successfully wraps up the essay (this varies on the type of essay your writing), assign 15 points. • Give the rough draft back to its author. • Contest unfair grades. Explain to the grader why your rough draft deserves more points. • This opens the door for learning. • Revise your rough draft. • Pat yourself on the back for a job well done.

39. End of Day 1

40. Day 2

41. Homework • Essays 4, 5, & 6. Due Jan. 5/6. • DO NOT spend more than 40 min on any of the essays individually. • Graphic Organizer: Spanish & Portuguese Efforts • Due Jan. 5/6

42. PRACTICE FOR THE AP EXAM: Use these hints, tips and tricks to improve your chances of a higher score on the AP Test.

43. In writing an essay, whether it is during the year or for the actual AP* exam, you must be comfortable with the rubric against which you will be graded. As you write, it is essential that you not only answer the question well, based on good writing standards, but that you understand the specific criteria for which the AP* readers will be looking. If you do not meet the basic standards, you will not score in the upper range (7–9).

44. How to Write a DBQ (Document-Based Question)

45. How to Write a DBQ • The DBQ is a test of skills, not content. • Specific outside knowledge of the material is neither expected nor required. • This DBQ format is similar to the European AP exam, in that outside knowledge is not required in the essay. • It is very different from the U.S. AP exam’s DBQ, in which specific outside knowledge constitutes a substantial part of the score you receive on this essay. • In essence, you are asked to write a mini-research paper based on the documents supplied.

46. How to Write a DBQ • The skills on which you are scored correspond to a historian’s task in: • (a) interpreting documents; • (b) creating an argument or interpretation based on those documents; • and (c) pondering what documents you wished you had to make your argument even stronger. • The DBQ is the easiest essay question on the world history AP exam if you understand that it is a skills test, and if you have been taught the skills!

47. How to Write a DBQ Take out your DBQ Scoring Guide. We are going to go over every part of the rubric. Remember! You must earn all 7 points in the Basic Core before you can receive any points in the Expanded Core.

48. Core Points

49. Acceptable thesis: An acceptable thesis is a sentence that answers the question that was asked. It does not merely repeat the question, nor does it dither by saying, “we shall see how…” It should be in the beginning of the essay. 1 point

50. Understands the basic meaning of the documents: This is the most basic form of document analysis. It is “plot summary,” to use a term from English classes. 1 point