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CH. 6: Byzantine Empire

CH. 6: Byzantine Empire. Creation. The Byzantine Empire was created by the Roman Emperor Constantine. The Roman Empire was split into to because it was believed to large to rule. Byzantium/Constantinople/Istanbul. The Capital will be renamed Constantinople after Constantine.

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CH. 6: Byzantine Empire

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  1. CH. 6: Byzantine Empire

  2. Creation • The Byzantine Empire was created by the Roman Emperor Constantine. • The Roman Empire was split into to because it was believed to large to rule.

  3. Byzantium/Constantinople/Istanbul • The Capital will be renamed Constantinople after Constantine. • The City has water on 3 sides making it easily defensible. • Giant chains were placed in the harbor to prevent unwanted ships from entering. • It is located geographically between east and west • Had a multiethnic feel, sewer system, hospitals, orphanages, and elderly homes

  4. Justinian I • Justinian will be ruler during a riot. He will lead the army against them at the urging of his wife, and 30,000 citizens are killed. • With a portion of the City being destroyed Justinian saw the opportunity to rebuild.

  5. Justinian will build new roads, bridges, baths, parks, roads, hospitals, etc. • One of the finest works, the Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom) still exists today.

  6. Justinian Code • Justinian will also be known for other reasons. • Due to its geographic location Constantinople had a variety of laws. • Justinian had a group of scholars remove repeated laws, improve bad laws, add new laws. • This would be known as the Justinian Code, and Western Societies are based from it.

  7. Church • The church of the Byzantine Empire will be the Eastern Orthodox Church (starts as part of the Roman Church) • Orthodox means “agreement in right belief.” • This references the fact that the church believes its teachings go back to the message from Jesus and the early Bishops. • The Emperor will be the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church making them extremely powerful.

  8. Church Structure • Top: Emperor • Patriarch: Picked by Emperor, #2 in terms of religious matters. • Bishops & Priests • Priests could married, but Bishops could only be selected from unmarried Priests.

  9. The Church will be very similar to the Catholic Church. • They will pay special attention to Saint Basil (helped reform the mass) and Saint Cyril (created Cyrillic Alphabet) • Pantocrator: Found in All E.O.C. Means “creator of all”

  10. Icons • Icons: art work depicting Saints and Jesus

  11. Iconoclasm • Emperor Leo III will see the prayer and worship of Icons as offensive to God. • He will order icons smashed (Iconoclasm) • Pope Gregory III will take offense to this, especially when it happens in Italy • Leo will revoke the Iconoclasm, but Gregory no long trust the Byzantine Empire

  12. Holy Roman Empire • Pope Leo III, no longer seeing the Byzantine Empire as a reliable ally will look for new support. • He will find Charlemagne, King of the Franks • He will support Charlemagne in the creation of the Holy Roman empire, the Church’s new defender

  13. 1054 • In an effort to reassert Byzantine control, all Catholic churches will be closed in the Byzantine Empire. • The Pope will excommunicate the Patriarch of Constantinople, which will cause the patriarch to excommunicate the Pope (he can’t) • The two churches will be split until 1964

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