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Ch 41 Animal Behavior

Ch 41 Animal Behavior. AP lecture. Four questions to investigate. Causation- immediate stimulus? Development- how does behavior change with age or learning? What experiences are necessary? Function- how does behavior affect the animals chances of survival and reproduction?

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Ch 41 Animal Behavior

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  1. Ch 41 Animal Behavior AP lecture

  2. Four questions to investigate • Causation- immediate stimulus? • Development- how does behavior change with age or learning? What experiences are necessary? • Function- how does behavior affect the animals chances of survival and reproduction? • Evolution- how does the behavior compare with similar behaviors in related species? Evolved?

  3. Proximate – genetic and physiological • Causation • Development • Ultimate- evolutionary process • Function • Evolution

  4. Proximate • Behaviorism • Pavlov • Neural reflexes could be modified by experience to respond to an unnatural stimuli • Ethology • Fixed action patterns not learned • Triggered by simple stimuli

  5. Behavior effected by • Genetics • Knockout gene • Hormones • Window of opportunity • Imprinting- limited time available to learn stimuli Bird song both imprint and hormones

  6. Learn their environment • Piloting • Orientation by landmarks • Know and remember structure of their environment • Homing • Return to nest, burrow or specific location • Accomplished by piloting

  7. Migration and navigation • Humans have two: • Distance-direction navigation • Bicoordinate navigation • Map coordinates and direction

  8. Communication • To interact and exchange information • Game!

  9. Natural selection and choice • Habitat- shelter, food and mates • Cost-benefit approach- limited amount of time and energy; can not afford to waste energy on things not beneficial • Energetic cost • Risk cost • Opportunity cost

  10. Fitness through reproductive success • Individual fitness- gained by producing offspring that carry their traits • Inclusive fitness- derived from an individual’s own reproductive success plus the success of it’s relatives • Kin selection • Maximizes inclusive fitness • Behavior that increases the reproductive success of relatives at a cost to the performer (altruistic)

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