US History EOC Review

1. US History EOC Review

2. Civil War and Reconstruction Understand the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction and its effects on the American people.

3. Which statement is best supported by the data in the table? the Confederate troops lost the Civil War as a result of their higher numbers of injuries and fatalities the Union army had better generals during the Civil War the Civil War had more casualties than any other war more soldiers died from disease than from wounds

4. One way that “Bleeding Kansas,” the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry had a similar effect on the United States was that these events ended conflict over slavery in the territories eased tensions between the North and the South contributed to the formation of the Whig party made sectional compromise more difficult

5. The Civil War affected the northern economy by causing a severe depression increasing unemployment rates decreasing demand for agricultural products stimulating industrialization

6. As the Civil War began, President Lincoln stated that his primary goal was to end slavery set new national boundaries increase congressional powers preserve the Union

7. The Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) were all efforts to end fighting between Midwestern farmers and Native American Indians encourage manufacturing in the West increase the number of people who voted in presidential elections settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories

8. Many Southern states tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by adopting federal laws mandating segregation enacting Jim Crow laws abolishing the Southern sharecropping system securing passage of new amendments to the US Constitution

9. Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would be legal in their territory? nullification sectionalism popular sovereignty southern secession

10. In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada? they feared being drafted into the Northern army the Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the US more factory jobs were available in Canada Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves

11. What was a common purpose of the three amendments added to the United States Constitution between 1865 and 1870? extending suffrage to Southern women reforming the sharecropping system granting rights to African Americans protecting rights of Southerners accused of treason

12. The Radical Republicans in Congress opposed President Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction because Lincoln called for the imprisonment of most Confederate leaders rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the war demanded immediate civil and political rights for formerly enslaved persons

13. Which action marked the end of Reconstruction in the United States? ratification of the 14th amendment withdrawal of federal troops from the South creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau impeachment of President Andrew Johnson

14. Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction were intended to provide legal and political rights for African Americans end property and religious qualifications for voting correct problems with the electoral college system limit the number of terms of the president

15. In the ten years following the Civil War, a large number of former slaves earned a living by becoming conductors on the Underground Railroad workers in Northern factories sharecroppers on Southern farms gold miners in California

16. Which situation was the most immediate result of Abraham Lincoln’s election of the presidency in 1860? Kansas and Nebraska joined the Union as free states a constitutional amendment was adopted to end slavery Missouri entered the Union as a slave state several southern states seceded from the Union

17. What was the primary goal of President Lincoln’s post-Civil policy? establishing military districts in the South extending land ownership to African American men restoring Southern representation in Congress arresting military leaders of the Confederacy

18. The data shown in the graphs best support the conclusion that the North was better prepared economically to fight the Civil War lagged behind the South in bank deposits produced more agricultural products than the South lacked several important resources to fight the war

19. The South won many battled and the Civil War lasted four years. These two facts support the conclusion that the Underground Railroad was important to the Southern cause factors other than those shown in the graphs were important the North was more dependent on foreign aid than the South personal wealth was a key factor in determining the outcome of the war

20. What is the main idea of this cartoon from the Reconstruction era? Southern society was oppressed by Radical Republican policies military force was necessary to stop Southern secession United States soldiers forced women in the South to work in factories sharecropping was an economic burden for women after the Civil War

21. Which congressional action led to the Southern viewpoint expressed in this cartoon? passage of the Homestead Act strengthening of the Fugitive Slave Laws military occupation of the former Confederate states ending the Freedmen’s Bureau

22. What is the most accurate title for this map? Closing the Frontier Results of Reconstruction A Nation Divided Compromise of 1850

23. The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the territories allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for ten years prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi River gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons

24. The Reconstruction plans of President Lincoln and President Johnson included a provision for the resumption of full participation in Congress by southern states long-term military occupation of the Confederacy payment of war reparations by Southern states harsh punishment of former Confederate officials

25. The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on African Americans was to prevent them from voting limit their access to public facilities block their educational opportunities deny them economic advancements

26. Following Reconstruction, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the South limited the effectiveness of the 14th and 15th amendments the Freedmen’s Bureau Black Codes tenant farming and sharecropping

27. Literacy tests and poll taxes were often used to enforce constitutional amendments added after the Civil War limit voter participation by African Americans promote equal educational opportunities for minority persons provide job training for freedmen

28. During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), the 15th amendment was adopted to grant African Americans educational opportunities economic equality freedom of speech voting rights

29. Abolitionists in the pre-Civil War period were most likely to support the removal of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia passage of the Fugitive Slave Act activities of the Underground Railroad use of popular sovereignty in the territories

30. The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the Compromise of 1850 Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865 ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865