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Digestive System

The digestive system plays a crucial role in human health by fulfilling three primary functions: breaking down food into usable molecules, absorbing these molecules into the bloodstream, and eliminating waste from the body. Digestion occurs through mechanical processes, like chewing and stomach churning, and chemical processes involving enzymes. The esophagus, with its protective mucus lining and peristalsis, transports food to the stomach, where it is stored and further digested before moving to the small intestine. Understanding these processes is essential for maintaining digestive health.

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Digestive System

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  1. Digestive System HB&H Chapter 3.3 Pages 82-87

  2. Functions • Digestive system fills three roles… • Breaks food down into molecules the body can use • Absorbs molecules into the blood • Eliminates wastes from the body.

  3. Digesting • Digestion is the process by which you’re body breaks down food into nutrient molecules • Occurs in two ways… • Mechanical • Chemical

  4. Mechanical Digestion • Physically breaking down food into smaller, manageable pieces • Chewing with teeth • Churning of the stomach.

  5. Chemical Digestion • Chemicals produced by the body break food into chemical building blocks • Starch in bread is broken down to sugar molecules • Enzymes are proteins the speed up chemical reactions.

  6. Chemical Digestion • Chemical digestion occurs when… • Saliva mixes with food in mouth • Digestive juices in the stomach (such as Pepsin and hydrochloric acid) break food down into liquid form.

  7. Down the Wrong Tube • Esophagus is the muscular tube that leads from mouth to stomach and lungs • Epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers your wind pipe

  8. Down the Hatch • Lined with Mucus, which makes food easier to swallow • Helps protect from bacteria • Muscles of esophagus contract to move food along, called Peristalsis.

  9. Stomach • Holds food until digested (mechanically & chemically) • Can hold about 2 liters • Leads to small intestine • Coated with mucus • Cells are replaced quickly.

  10. Exit Pass What are 2 of the 3 functions of the digestive system?

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